结核与肺部疾病杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (4): 323-327.doi: 10.19983/j.issn.2096-8493.20230069

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2011—2020 年天津市中心城区肺结核患者流行病学特征分析

张玉华()   

  1. 天津市结核病控制中心门诊部,天津 300041
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-09 出版日期:2023-08-20 发布日期:2023-08-15
  • 通信作者: 张玉华,Email:zhangyh0831@163.com

Epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in central urban area of Tianjin City from 2011 to 2020

Zhang Yuhua()   

  1. Department of Outpatient, Tianjin Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300041, China
  • Received:2023-06-09 Online:2023-08-20 Published:2023-08-15
  • Contact: Zhang Yuhua, Email: zhangyh0831@163.com

摘要:

目的: 分析天津市中心城区2011—2020 年登记确诊的活动性肺结核患者流行病学特征,为制定肺结核防治措施提供依据。 方法: 采用描述性流行病学分析方法,对天津市中心城区2011—2020年“结核病信息管理系统”中登记的12968例肺结核患者进行描述,并进行三间分布分析。 结果: 2011—2020年天津市中心城区共确诊活动性肺结核患者12968例,平均登记率为30.57/10万(12968/4242万),10年间登记率总体平稳,无明显下降趋势( χ 2=2.771,P=0.096)。天津市中心城区占全市登记肺结核患者总数的38.47%(12968/33707)。10年间肺结核患者病原学阳性率由2011年的36.21%(533/1472)提高到2019年的63.76%(769/1206),呈上升趋势( χ 2=5.461,P=0.019)。登记时间集中在3—4月和7—8月,占全部患者的40.85%(5298/12968);男性肺结核患者9003例,女性患者3965例,男女性别比为 2.27∶1;患者年龄主要集中在 45~64 岁,占 35.66%(4625/12968);男性发病最高峰出现在45~64岁,占40.18%(3617/9003),女性发病最高峰出现在15~34岁,占41.69%(1653/3965);职业分布以家务及待业为主,占34.18%(4432/12968)。 结论: 天津市中心城区10年间肺结核疫情逐步下降,应针对中心城区疫情特征制定有针对性的防控策略。

关键词: 结核, 肺, 流行病学研究, 天津市

Abstract:

Objective: The epidemiological characteristics of active tuberculosis patients diagnosed and registered in 2011—2020 in the central urban area of Tianjin City was analyzed to provide a basis for the formulation of tuberculosis prevention and control policies. Methods: Descriptive statistics was used to describe pulmonary tuberculosis patients registered in the 2011—2020 Tuberculosis Information Management System in central area of Tianjin City. Results: From 2011 to 2020, a total of 12968 cases of active pulmonary tuberculosis were confirmed in the central urban area of Tianjin, the average registration rate was 30.57/100000 (12968/42.42 million), and the registration rate was generally stable in 10 years, with no significant downward trend ( χ t r e n d 2=2.771,P=0.096). The proportion of patients from the central urban area among all patients in Tianjin was 38.47% (12968/33707). The etiologically positive rate of tuberculosis patients was increasing from 36.21% (533/1472) in 2011 to 63.76% (769/1206) in 2019, showing a statistically significant upward trend ( χ t r e n d 2=5.461, P=0.019). The registration number peaked in March-April and July-August, accounting for 40.85% (5298/12968) of all patients; 9003 were male tuberculosis patients, 3965 were females, male-female sex ratio was 2.27∶1; patients mainly aged 45-64 years old which accounted for 35.66% (4625/12968), male peaked in 45-64 years old group (accounting for 40.18% (3617/9003)), female peaked in 15-34 years old group (accounting for 41.69% (1653/3965)); patients’ occupations were mainly housework and unemployed which accounted for 34.18% (4432/12968). Conclusion: In the past 10 years, the pulmonary tuberculosis epidemic in Tianjin central urban area had gradually decreased, and targeted prevention and control strategies should be formulated according to the characteristics of the epidemic in the central urban area.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Epidemiologic studies, Tianjin City

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