关键词: 结核,肺, 流行病学研究, 发病率, 儿童

Abstract:

Objective The report, registration and epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis (TB) among children in Beijing during 2011-2020 were analyzed to provide evidence for the formulation of tuberculosis control strategies in Beijing. Methods The data of TB patients and population in 0-14 years old children reported in Beijing from 2011 to 2020 were collected from TB Management Information System and the Basic Information System, which belonged to the subsystems of China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. The Information of the patients’ report hospitals, regional distribution, registration, diagnosis type, incidence rate, etc were analyze. Results From 2011 to 2020, a total of 76 medical institutions in Beijing reported 1671 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in children aged 0-14 years. The patients came from 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) except Shanghai, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. The proportion of patients with negative etiology was the highest, accounting for 40.99% (685/1671), followed by 35.79% (598/1671) without etiological results, 22.44% (375/1671) etiologically positive and 0.78% (13/1671) of rifampicin resistance. Among the reported cases, 24.48% (409/1671) were registered and managed. There was no significant difference in the admission proportion between cases with current address in Beijing (27.59%, 133/482) and non Beijing cases (23.21%, 276/1189) (χ²=3.560, P=0.059). The registration rate of 10-14 years old group was 36.93% (277/750), which was significantly higher than that of 0-4 years group (11.36%,61/537) and 5-9 years group (18.49%,71/384)(χ ²=12.386, P<0.05). There were 482 Beijing children among the cases, with an average incidence rate of 2.41/100000 in 10 years, and the incidence rate decreased (Cochran-Armitage test, Z=-4.766, P<0.05). The peak incidence rate was 10-14 years old group, and the incidence rate was 5.42/100000. Conclusion The incidence rate of tuberculosis in Beijing children is relatively low and has a downward trend. Etiologically negative cases are the most in all diagnosis types. The reported cases mainly come from other provinces in China except Beijing,and the registration management rate is low.

Key words: Tuberculosis,pulmonary, Epidemiological study, Incidence rate, Children