结核与肺部疾病杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (2): 128-134.doi: 10.19983/j.issn.2096-8493.20230031

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2012—2021年北京市通州区病原学阳性肺结核流行特征及治疗转归分析

杨超(), 王晶, 谢珂, 唐桂林, 高汉青, 王斌   

  1. 北京市通州区疾病预防控制中心结核病防治所,北京 101100
  • 收稿日期:2023-02-17 出版日期:2023-04-20 发布日期:2023-04-07
  • 通信作者: 杨超,Email:tzjfs2008yangchao@126.com
  • 作者简介:注:王晶与杨超对本研究有同等贡献,为并列第一作者

Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics and treatment outcomes of pulmonary tuberculosis with positive etiology in Tongzhou, Beijing from 2012 to 2021

Yang Chao(), Wang Jing, Xie Ke, Tang Guilin, Gao Hanqing, Wang Bin   

  1. Institute of Tuberculosis Prevention and Control, Tongzhou District Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 101100, China
  • Received:2023-02-17 Online:2023-04-20 Published:2023-04-07
  • Contact: Yang Chao, Email: tzjfs2008yangchao@126.com

摘要:

目的: 分析2012—2021年北京市通州区病原学阳性肺结核流行病学特征及治疗转归特点,为制定肺结核防治措施提供科学依据。方法: 通过“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”的子系统“结核病管理信息系统”,筛选2012—2021年北京市通州区登记管理的肺结核患者病案数据。共登记管理4996例活动性肺结核患者,其中,病原学阳性肺结核患者1926例。收集病原学阳性肺结核患者的相关信息,包括户籍、性别、年龄、民族、职业、患者来源、治疗分类、并发症和治疗转归等,分析该类人群的流行病学特征,并应用季节指数对时间序列进行季节效应分析。结果: 2012—2021年北京市通州区登记管理的病原学阳性肺结核占38.55%(1926/4996)。病原学阳性肺结核登记率由2012年的7.35/10万(95/129.2万)上升到2021年的15.41/10万(284/184.3万),呈上升趋势,差异有统计学意义($\chi_{\text {趋势}}^2$=52.668,P=0.000)。病原学阳性率由2012年的28.19%(95/337)上升到2021年的50.18%(284/566),亦呈上升趋势,差异有统计学意义($\chi_{\text {趋势}}^2$=36.652,P=0.000)。男女性别比为2.10:1(1304/622),年龄以15~44岁中青年为主[55.61%(1071/1926)];职业以家务及待业为主[38.84%(748/1926)];患者来源以综合医院转诊为主[69.52%(1339/1926)],普遍存在就诊延迟[44.29%(853/1926)],非本地户籍患者占59.40%(1144/1926)。病原学阳性肺结核流行期为每年的6—9月,季节指数分别为123.99、110.28、120.25、132.09。总体成功治疗率为91.07%(1754/1926),丢失47例(2.44%),死亡55例(2.86%),转入耐多药治疗43例(2.23%)。结论: 2012—2021年北京市通州区病原学阳性肺结核患者登记率和病原学阳性率均呈上升趋势,且呈现季节变化规律。患者以男性、青壮年、非本地户籍为主,职业以家务及待业为主,具有就诊延迟的特征,且存在地区分布差异,应针对其流行特征制定相应的防控策略。

关键词: 结核,肺, 流行病学研究, 治疗结果

Abstract:

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and treatment outcomes of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) with positive etiology in Tongzhou, Beijing, and to provide scientific evidence for the formulation of PTB prevention and control measures. Methods: The clinical data of PTB patients registered in Tongzhou, Beijing from 2012 to 2021 were collected from Tuberculosis Management Information System of China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. A total of 4996 cases of PTB patients were registered, among which 1926 cases were positive in etiological examination. The information of PTB patients with positive etiology were collected, including household registration, gender, age, ethnicity, occupation, cases source, treatment classification, complication and treatment outcomes, etc. The epidemiological characteristics of the population were analyzed, and the seasonal effect of time series was analyzed using seasonal index. Results: From 2012 to 2021, a total of 1926 PTB patients with positive etiology were registered in Tongzhou, Beijing, accounting for 38.55% (1926/4996). The registration rate of PTB patients with positive etiology showed an upward trend, increasing from 7.35/100000 (95/1.292 million) in 2012 to 15.41/100000 (284/1.843 million) in 2021, the difference was significant ($\chi_{\text {trend}}^2$=52.668, P=0.000). The positive rate of etiology in PTB patients also showed an upward trend, increasing from 28.19% (95/337) in 2012 to 50.18% (284/566) in 2021, and the difference was also significant ($\chi_{\text {trend}}^2$=36.652, P=0.000). The male-female ratio of patients was 2.10:1 (1304/622). The main age group was 15-44 years (55.61%, 1071/1926), the main occupation was housekeepers/unemployed people (38.84%, 748/1926), the main source of patients was due to referral from general hospitals (69.52%, 1339/1926), the visit delay were common (44.29%, 853/1926), and 59.40% (1144/1926) of patients with non-local residence registration. The prevalence of PTB with positive etiology was from June to September per year, and the seasonal indexes were 123.99,110.28,120.25 and 132.09, respectively. The overall treatment success rate was 91.07% (1754/1926). Of the patients, 47 (2.44%) were defaulted, 55 (2.86%) died, and 43 (2.23%) transferred to multidrug-resistant PTB. Conclusion: The registration rate and positive rate in etiology of PTB patients with positive etiology in Tongzhou, Beijing increased and showed seasonal variation from 2012 to 2021. The patients are mainly male, young adults, non-local, housekeepers/unemployed, with delayed visit and regional distribution, corresponding prevention and control strategies should be formulated according to the epidemiological characteristics.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Epidemiological studies, Treatment outcome

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