关键词: 结核,肺, 流行病学研究, 发病率

Abstract:

Objective: To improve the tuberculosis prevention and control management of nonlocal people by analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of nonlocal pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients in Songjiang District of Shanghai City during 2010-2019. Methods: The data of nonlocal PTB patients in Songjiang District of Shanghai City were extracted from the Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System with patients’registration dating from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019, and analyzed the epidemic characteristics. To maintain comparability of data across 10 years, patients with tuberculous pleurisy were excluded. Population data was obtained from Shanghai Municipal Bureau of Statistics. Results: The analysis showed that a total of 5611 PTB cases were notified. Among them, 3959 were nonlocal cases, accounting for 70.56% of the total. Their notification incidence rate decreased from 57.01/100000 (346/606900) in 2010 to 31.48/100000 (334/1061100) in 2019, with a decrease of 44.78% and an annual decreasing rate of 5.77%. There were significant difference in the PTB notification incidences among different years ( {\chi }_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{d}}^2=96.355,P<0.05). Notification numbers of patients per month were at a high level from March to August, constituting 9.19% (364/3959) to 10.05% (398/3959) of the total cases, then slowly declined (from 8.44% (334/3959) to 5.99% (237/3959)) to the lowest value in February of the following year (4.07% (161/3959)). Most patients came from Anhui (18.31% (725/3959)), Sichuan (13.54% (536/3959)) and Jiangxi (7.98% (316/3959)) province. In addition, the proportion of notified patients who were workers/housekeepers/unemployed people (64.11% (2538/3959)), detected from referral and follow-up (63.88% (2529/3959)), smear-negative (59.96% (2374/3959)), primary patients (93.71% (3710/3959)) were higher than that of patients who were children/teachers (0.30% (12/3959)), detected from health screening and other approaches (9.02% (357/3959)), smear-positive (40.04% (1585/3959)) and retreatment patients (6.29% (249/3959)) respectively. There were significant difference in the proportion of the above mentioned categories of patients among different years ( {\chi }_{\mathrm{t}\mathrm{r}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{n}\mathrm{d}}^2=11.245,22.946,34.739,8.996, all P<0.05). Conclusion: The epidemic of PTB among non-local people in Songjiang District of Shanghai City has steadily declined from 2010 to 2019, demonstrating certain success gained in tuberculosis prevention and control. However, great importance should be attached to the prevention and control of PTB among workers/housekeepers/unemployed people, smear-negative and primary patients.

Key words: Tuberculosis,pulmonary, Epidemiologic study, Incidence