结核与肺部疾病杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 2 ›› Issue (4): 326-329.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-8493.20210092

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2010—2019年内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市学生肺结核流行病学特征分析

郝瑞霞(), 李兵, 刘敏, 白俊, 祁丹   

  1. 017000 内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市疾病预防控制中心结核病预防控制科
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-13 出版日期:2021-12-30 发布日期:2022-01-06
  • 通信作者: 郝瑞霞 E-mail:573470799@qq.com

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis among students in Ordos, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2010 to 2019

HAO Rui-xia(), LI Bing, LIU Min, BAI Jun, QI Dan   

  1. Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Section, Ordos Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Inner Mongolia, Ordos 017000, China
  • Received:2021-08-13 Online:2021-12-30 Published:2022-01-06
  • Contact: HAO Rui-xia E-mail:573470799@qq.com

摘要:

目的 了解内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市学生肺结核流行病学特征,为学校结核病防控工作提出可行性建议。方法 收集《结核病管理信息系统》中2010年1月1日至2019年12月31日内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市报告的314例学生肺结核患者资料,对其发病情况、分布特点、患者来源与诊断延迟情况等进行分析。结果 2010—2019年内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市学生肺结核年均发病率为14.18/10万(314/2215000),报告发病率从2010年的36.43/10万(78/214100)降至2019年的6.98/10万(18/257800),下降了80.84%,呈逐年下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ2=130.100,P=0.000)。病原学阳性肺结核患者128例,平均报告发病率为5.78/10万,报告发病率从2010年的17.75/10万(38/214100)降至2019年的2.33/10万(6/257800),下降了86.87%,呈逐年下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ2=106.659,P=0.000)。每年3—4月份和11月份是学生肺结核报告发病的高峰期,占全年的38.54%(121/314)。患者例数居前4位的地区是东胜区(95例,30.25%)、达拉特旗(52例,16.56%)、乌审旗(50例,15.92%)和准格尔旗(46例,14.65%)。男女比例为1:1.08(151/163),发病集中在16~20岁(57.96%,182/314),以转诊(53.50%,168/314)发现为主,就诊延迟率为52.23%(164/314),确诊延迟率为19.75%(62/314)。结论 内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市学生结核病报告发病率逐年下降,疫情主要集中在东胜区、达拉特旗、乌审旗和准格尔旗,并以16~20岁年龄组高发,应加强冬、春季的防控。

关键词: 结核,肺, 学生, 流行病学研究, 横断面研究

Abstract:

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis among students in Ordos, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, to provide feasible suggestions for tuberculosis prevention and control in schools. Methods Data of 314 student tuberculosis cases reported in Ordos, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019 were collected from the Tuberculosis Management Information System. The incidence, distribution characteristics, source of cases, and delay in diagnosis of tuberculosis were analyzed. Results From 2010 to 2019, the average annual incidence of tuberculosis among students in Ordos, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region was 14.18/100000 (314/2215000), and the reported incidence decreased from 36.43/100000 (78/214100) in 2010 to 6.98/100000 (18/257800) in 2019, decreased by 80.84%, showing a downward trend year by year, the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=130.100, P=0.000). There were 128 pathogen-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients, with an average reported incidence rate of 5.78/100000. The reported incidence rate decreased from 17.75/100000 (38/214100) in 2010 to 2.33/100000 (6/257800) in 2019, decreased by 86.87%, showing a downward trend year by year, the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=106.659, P=0.000). March to April and November each year were the peak periods of reported cases of tuberculosis among students, accounting for 38.54% (121/314) of the whole year. The top 4 areas with the number of cases were Dongsheng District (95 cases, 30.25%), Dalate Banner (52 cases, 16.56%), Wushen Banner (50 cases, 15.92%) and Zhungeer Banner (46 cases, 14.65%). The ratio of male to female cases was 1:1.08 (151/163), the incidence was concentrated in 16-20 years old (57.96%, 182/314), and the diagnosis was mainly based on referral (53.50%, 168/314), the delay rate of treatment was 52.23% (164/314), the diagnosis delay rate was 19.75% (62/314). Conclusion The incidence of tuberculosis in students in Ordos, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region decreased year by year. The epidemic mainly occurred in Dongsheng District, Dalate Banner, Wushen Banner and Zhungeer Banner, and the incidence was high in those who aged 16-20 years. The prevention and control of tuberculosis in students should be enhanced in Spring and Winter.

Key words: Tuberculosis,pulmonary, Students, Epidemiologic studies, Cross-sectional studies