关键词: 吸烟, 人群监测, 危险因素, 横断面研究

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the current status and influencing factors of smoking among employees in enterprises in Shenzhen. Methods Using a multi-stage random sampling method, a total of 2269 employees of 21 companies from 10 districts in Shenzhen between August and November 2018 were selected with average of 100 employees from each company. If companies had less than 100 employees, all employees were participated in the survey. A questionnaire survey was conducted, 2269 questionnaires were distributed, and all the questionnaires were returned, 2018 questionnaires were valid. The questionnaire validity rate was 88.94%. The demographic characteristics, smoking status, drinking status, and health status of the subjects were collected, and multi-factor logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of the smoking behaviors. Results The current smoking rate of survey subjects was 18.04% (364/2018), and males was significantly higher than females (34.55% (341/987) vs.2.23% (23/1031)); subjects aged ≤24 years had the highest current smoking rate (25.75% (77/299)); the current smoking rate in married people (14.54% (195/1341)) was significantly lower than that in non-married people (24.96% (169/677)); those with college degree or above had the lowest current smoking rate (15.18% (97/639)); the current smoking rate increased with increasing frequency of drinking (the smoking rate of non-drinkers was 6.86% (94/1370), and the smoking rate of daily drinkers was 69.23% (27/39)); those with poor self-evaluated health status had the highest current smoking rate (40.24% (33/82)). The differences were statistically significant (χ ² values were 356.252, 9.420, 33.050, 5.639, 396.183 and 9.854, respectively; P values were 0.000, 0.002, 0.000, 0.018, 0.000 and 0.002, respectively). Logistic regression analysis showed that female (OR=0.073, 95%CI: 0.045-0.118), college degree or above (OR=0.379, 95%CI: 0.172-0.837) were protective factors of smoking behavior. Non-married (OR=1.496, 95%CI: 1.123-1.993), poor self-evaluated health status (OR=3.423, 95%CI: 1.882-6.228) were risk factors of smoking behavior. The risk of smoking behavior increased with increasing frequency of drinking, and daily drinkers had the highest risk of smoking behavior (OR=12.227, 95%CI: 5.398-27.695). Conclusion For enterprise employees, male, non-married, low-educated, drinking alcohol and poor self-evaluated health status were risk factors of smoking behavior.

Key words: Smoking, Population surveillance, Risk factors, Cross-sectional studies