结核与肺部疾病杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (1): 5-12.doi: 10.19983/j.issn.2096-8493.20230007

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2015—2020年云南省学校结核病防控工作状况分析

程玉玉1, 杨蕊2, 李玲2, 潘颖1, 许琳2()   

  1. 1昆明医科大学公共卫生学院,昆明 650500
    2云南省疾病预防控制中心结核病防治所,昆明 650022
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-29 出版日期:2023-02-20 发布日期:2023-02-09
  • 通信作者: 许琳 E-mail:123316859@qq.com

Analysis of the status of tuberculosis prevention and control in schools in Yunnan Province, 2015—2020

Cheng Yuyu1, Yang Rui2, Li Ling2, Pan Ying1, Xu Lin2()   

  1. 1School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
    2Tuberculosis Control and Prevention Institute, Yunnan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Kunming 650022, China
  • Received:2022-11-29 Online:2023-02-20 Published:2023-02-09
  • Contact: Xu Lin E-mail:123316859@qq.com

摘要:

目的: 调查“十三五”结核病防治规划期间学校结核病防控措施的落实情况,为优化学校结核病防控策略提供针对性建议和依据。 方法: 通过《学校结核病防治工作现况调查表》,采用典型抽样的方法抽取云南省33所初中、17所高中、6所大学,于2022年1—4月开展现场问卷调查,对数据资料进行描述性分析。 结果: 2015—2020年,云南省非寄宿制初中、寄宿制初中、高中、大学的新生入学体检结核病筛查率分别从2015年的37.93%(11/29)、1/4、29.41%(5/17)、4/6上升至2020年的89.66%(26/29)、3/4、88.24%(15/17)、6/6,筛查率均呈上升趋势( χ 2值分别为30.292、2.706、20.163、5.121,P值分别为<0.001、0.097、<0.001、0.024)。2015—2020年,初中、高中、大学的年均结核病筛查率分别为47.48%(31508/65948)、54.61%(32483/59485)、99.98%(127915/127944),差异有统计学意义(χ2=83 425.379,P<0.001)。初中和高中新生入学体检结核病筛查率分别由2015年的24.46%(2584/10565)和14.64%(1226/8377)提高到2020年的77.11%(8734/11326)和93.93%(10063/10713),均呈逐年上升趋势( χ 2值分别为9430.664和20362.110,P值均<0.001),高中和大学的结核病检出率均有所提高,分别由2015年的81.57/10万(1/1226)和11.56/10万(2/17305)提高到2020年的119.25/10万(12/10063)和34.37/10万(8/23276)。 结论: 2015—2020年云南省新生入学体检结核病筛查率持续上升,但结核病疫情仍时有发生,提示规范常规防控措施日趋重要,高疫情地区的高中及大学仍是结核病防控工作的重点。

关键词: 结核, 学生, 综合预防, 云南省

Abstract:

Objective: To investigate the implementation of school tuberculosis prevention and control measures during the 13th Five-Year Plan for tuberculosis prevention and control, and to provide targeted suggestions and basis for optimizing school tuberculosis prevention and control strategies. Methods: A typical sampling method was used to select 33 junior high schools, 17 high schools and 6 universities in Yunnan Province to conduct on-site questionnaire surveys using the school tuberculosis prevention and control status questionnaire from January to April in 2022. Data collected was analyzed descriptively. Results: From 2015 to 2020, the proportion of schools listing tuberculosis screening in their new student admission medical examinations in non-boarding junior high schools, boarding junior high schools, high schools, and universities in Yunnan Province all continued to increase ( χ t r e n d 2=30.292, 2.706, 20.163, and 5.121, P≤0.001, 0.097, <0.001, 0.024, respectively), from 37.93% (11/29), 1/4, 29.41% (5/17), 4/6 in 2015 to 89.66% (26/29), 3/4, 88.24% (15/17), and 6/6 in 2020. The average annual screening rates of students in middle school, high school, and university were 47.48% (31508/65948), 54.61% (32483/59485), and 99.98% (127915/127944), respectively, with statistically significant differences (χ2=83 425.379, P<0.001), and the screening rates of new students’ physical examination for tuberculosis in junior high schools, high schools all showed a yearly upward trend, rising from 24.46% (2584/10565) and 14.64% (1226/8377) in 2015 to 77.11% (8734/11326) and 93.93% (10063/10713) in 2020 ( χ t r e n d 2=9430.664, 20362.110, respectively; All Ps<0.001). Tuberculosis detection rate in high schools and universities both rose from 81.57/100000 (1/1226) and 11.56/100000 (2/17305) in 2015 to 119.25/100000 (12/10063) and 34.37/100000 (8/23276) in 2020, respectively. Conclusion: The proportion of screening for tuberculosis in new students’ physical examinations in Yunnan Province continued to increase from 2015 to 2020, but tuberculosis epidemics still occurred from time to time, suggesting that standardized routine prevention and control measures are increasingly important, and universities in highly infected areas are still the focus of tuberculosis prevention and control efforts.

Key words: Tuberculosis, Students, Comprehensive prevention, Yunnan Province

中图分类号: