结核与肺部疾病杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 3 ›› Issue (6): 483-489.doi: 10.19983/j.issn.2096-8493.20220153

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

天津市九所学校学生2021年结核病认知情况调查分析

张晓萌1, 于燕明1, 庞学文1, 万莹1, 贾婧雯2, 许然3, 张帆1()   

  1. 1.天津市结核病控制中心研究室,天津 300011
    2.天津市西青区疾病预防控制中心结核科,天津 300380
    3.天津市津南区海堂街道社区卫生服务中心公共卫生科,天津 300350
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-26 出版日期:2022-12-20 发布日期:2022-12-15
  • 通信作者: 张帆 E-mail:zhangfan66@tj.gov.cn
  • 基金资助:
    天津市卫生健康委员会科技项目(ZC20031)

Investigation and analysis of tuberculosis awareness among students in 9 schools in Tianjin City in 2021

Zhang Xiaomeng1, Yu Yanming1, Pang Xuewen1, Wan Ying1, Jia Jingwen2, Xu Ran3, Zhang Fan1()   

  1. 1. Research Room, Tianjin Tuberculosis Control Center, Tianjin 300011, China
    2. Department of Tuberculosis, Tianjin Xiqing Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300380, China
    3. Public Health Division, Tianjin Jinnan Haitang Community Health Service Center, Tianjin 300350, China
  • Received:2022-09-26 Online:2022-12-20 Published:2022-12-15
  • Contact: Zhang Fan E-mail:zhangfan66@tj.gov.cn
  • Supported by:
    Science and Technology Project of Tianjin Health Commission(ZC20031)

摘要:

目的: 了解天津市大学生结核病认知水平,为提高学校结核病健康教育投入产出比提供基础数据。 方法: 从天津市西青区、海教园区两个教育园区中选取9所2020年结核病高疫情学校,于2021年9—10月对在校生开展电子问卷调查。问卷包括对疾病、诊疗、防控和预防性治疗4个维度共计32个结核病认知题目,每答对一题得1分,每人认知得分最高为32分。收集调查对象人口学特征及答题情况,采用描述性方法分析学生对结核病知识知晓率,并采用广义线性模型的方法分析学生结核病认知水平的影响因素。 结果: 调查共收回有效问卷27974份。9所学校在校生对学校结核病核心信息知晓率为87.20%(243941/279740),认知知晓率为68.62%(614241/895168)。疾病、诊疗、防控和预防性治疗4个维度的得分分别为6(5,8)、5(4,6)、8(7,10)和2(2,3)分,4个维度的知晓率分别为67.95%(171063/251766)、72.14%(141271/195818)、76.18%(234412/307714)和48.26%(67495/139870),其中细分项目认识如结核病的发病认知、卡介苗认知和预防性服药认知的知晓率分别为44.18%(37073/83922)、38.46%(21519/55948)和33.13%(18537/55948)。多因素分析结果显示,女生得分为23(20,28)分,高于男生的21(18,25)分(β=1.97,95%CI:1.84~2.09);本科及以上学历者得分为23(20,27)分,高于中专学历者的20(16,28)分和大专学历者的20(17,23)分(β=2.13,95%CI:1.84~2.42);参加3次结核病宣传活动的学生得分最高,为23(20,28)分,即既往参加结核病宣传次数与学生认知水平有关(β=0.44,95%CI:0.40~0.49)。 结论: 天津市9所学校学生结核病的学校核心信息知晓率总体良好,需要对不同性别和学历的在校生开展有针对性和有计划的结核病认知和预防性用药等健康教育活动。

关键词: 结核, 学生, 健康知识, 态度, 实践, 因素分析, 统计学

Abstract:

Objective: To understand the tuberculosis awareness level of college students in Tianjin City, and to provide basic data for the subsequent improvement of the input-output ratio of tuberculosis health education in schools. Methods: Nine high-epidemic schools in 2020 were selected from the two educational campuses of Xiqing District and Haijiaoyuan District in Tianjin City, and an electronic questionnaire survey was conducted among the students from September to October 2021. The questionnaire included 32 tuberculosis cognition questions from four dimensions, namely disease cognition, diagnosis and treatment cognition, prevention and control cognition and preventive treatment cognition. Each correct answer was awarded 1 point, and the maximum cognitive score of each person was 32 points. Demographic characteristics and answers of respondents were collected. Descriptive method was used to analyze students’ knowledge of tuberculosis, and generalized linear model was used to analyze factors affecting students’ cognitive level of tuberculosis. Results: A total of 27974 valid questionnaires were retrieved this time. The awareness rate of core knowledge of tuberculosis in schools was 87.20% (243941/279740), and the awareness rate of knowledge cognition was 68.62% (614241/895168). The average scores of tuberculosis disease, diagnosis and treatment, prevention and control and preventive treatment were 6 (5,8), 5 (4,6), 8 (7,10) and 2 (2,3) respectively. The awareness rates of the four dimensions were 67.95% (171063/251766), 72.14% (141271/195818), 76.18% (234412/307714) and 48.26% (67495/139870), respectively. Among them, the awareness rates of sub-items such as the awareness of onset of tuberculosis, BCG vaccine and prophylactic medication were 44.18% (37073/83922), 38.46% (21519/55948) and 33.13% (18537/55948), respectively. Multivariable analysis showed, the average score of female was 23 (20,28) points, higher than that of male (21 (18,25) points;β=1.97, 95%CI: 1.84-2.09). Those with bachelor’s degree or above averagely scored 23 (20,27) points, higher than those with technical secondary school degree (20 (16,28)) and junior college degree (20 (17,23);β=2.13, 95%CI: 1.84-2.42). The highest average score was 23 (20,28) for students who participated in three tuberculosis awareness promotion activities, that is, the number of previous participation in tuberculosis awareness promotion activities was related to students’ cognitive level (β=0.44, 95%CI: 0.40-0.49). Conclusion: The awareness rate of core knowledge of tuberculosis among college students in Tianjin City is acceptable. It is necessary to carry out targeted and planned school tuberculosis health education activities in schools according to different gender and educational backgrounds in the aspects of tuberculosis knowledge and preventive medication.

Key words: Tuberculosis, Students, Health knowledge, attitudes, practice, Factor analysis, statistical

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