结核与肺部疾病杂志 ›› 2022, Vol. 3 ›› Issue (2): 142-147.doi: 10.19983/j.issn.2096-8493.20210109

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上海市松江区肺结核患者耐药特征及耐多药结核病影响因素分析

李勇, 路丽苹(), 李瑾, 邹金燕   

  1. 上海市松江区疾病预防控制中心结核病防制科,上海 201600
  • 收稿日期:2021-09-03 出版日期:2022-06-30 发布日期:2022-04-18
  • 通信作者: 路丽苹 E-mail:luluyer-1194@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    上海市大城市结核病综合防治模式研究(2018ZX10715012)

Analysis of features of drug resistance and risk factors of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Songjiang District of Shanghai

LI Yong, LU Li-ping(), LI Jin, ZOU Jin-yan   

  1. Tuberculosis Division, Songjiang District Center for Control and Prevention, Shanghai 201600, China
  • Received:2021-09-03 Online:2022-06-30 Published:2022-04-18
  • Contact: LU Li-ping E-mail:luluyer-1194@163.com
  • Supported by:
    Study on the Comprehensive Prevention and Control Mode of Tuberculosis in Big Cities of Shanghai(2018ZX10715012)

摘要:

目的 分析上海市松江区肺结核患者的耐药状况及耐多药结核病的危险因素。方法: 采用回顾性研究的方法,从《结核病信息管理系统》、松江区中心医院“肺结核患者初诊登记本”和“结核分枝杆菌培养及药敏登记本”中搜集2012—2018年上海市松江区中心医院诊治所有菌型鉴定为结核分枝杆菌的1513例肺结核患者相关资料,分析结核分枝杆菌对一线抗结核药物的耐药情况及发生耐多药结核病的危险因素。 结果 1513例患者的总耐药率为19.50%(295/1513),耐多药率为4.30%(65/1513)。对4种一线抗结核药物的耐药率依次为耐链霉素(14.34%,217/1513)、耐异烟肼(10.38%,157/1513)、耐利福平(5.29%,80/1513)和耐乙胺丁醇(3.83%,58/1513)。初治患者的总耐药率、耐多药率、多耐药率[分别为18.46%(261/1414)、3.54%(50/1414)、3.54%(50/1414)]均明显低于复治患者[分别为34.34%(34/99)、15.15%(15/99)、13.13%(13/99)],差异均有统计学意义(χ2=14.874、30.361、21.347,P值均=0.000)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,工人[OR(95%CI)=2.078(1.196~3.609)]和复治[OR(95%CI)=5.195(2.782~9.700)]是发生耐多药结核病的危险因素。结论: 上海市松江区耐药率和耐多药率均较低,但应对复治患者和工人群体等重点人群积极进行耐药筛查,并关注初治患者的耐药监测,以控制耐多药结核病的发生。

关键词: 结核, 肺, 抗药性, 多药, 因素分析, 统计学

Abstract: Objective: To analyze the drug resistance and risk factors of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Songjiang District of Shanghai. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in 1513 pulmonary tuberculosis patients diagnosed as Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the Songjiang District Central Hospital from 2012 to 2018. Data of the patients were collected from “Tuberculosis Information Management System”, and “First registration of pulmonary tuberculosis patients” and “Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture and drug sensitivity registration”of Songjiang District Central Hospital. Mycobacteriu tuberculosis resistance to first-line anti-TB drugs and risk factors for mutidrug-resistance tuberculosis were analyzed. Results: The overall drug resistance rate of 1513 pulmonary tuberculosis patients was 19.50% (295/1513), and the multidrug-resistance rate was 4.30% (65/1513). The drug resistance rates to the four first-line anti-tuberculosis drugswere streptomycin (Sm, 14.34%, 217/1513), isoniazid (INH, 10.38%,157/1513), rifampicin (RFP, 5.29%, 80/1513) and ethambutol (EMB, 3.83%,58/1513). The overall drug resistance rate, multidrug-resistance rates and poly-restance rate of newly treated patients were significant lower than those of relapse patients (18.46% (261/1414) vs. 34.34% (34/99), χ 2=14.874; 3.54% (50/1414) vs. 15.15% (15/99),χ2=30.361; 3.54% (50/1414) vs. 13.13% (13/99),χ2=21.347, respectively; all P=0.000). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that occupation as workers (OR=2.078, 95%CI=1.196-3.609) and retreatment (OR=5.195, 95%CI=2.782-9.700) were risk factors for MDR-TB. Conclusions: The rates of drug resistance and multidrug-resistance in Songjiang District of Shanghai was low. However, drug resistance screening should be actively carried out for key groups such as retreated patients and worker, and attention should be paid to the monitoring of drug resistance in newly diagnosed patients, to control the occurrence of MDR-TB.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Drug resistance, multiple, Factor analysis, statistical

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