结核与肺部疾病杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (3): 363-370.doi: 10.19983/j.issn.2096-8493.20250208

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2004—2024年重庆市南川区肺结核疫情特征及趋势分析

张娅1,2, 余雅1, 汪清雅1, 孙建2, 李迎娅3()   

  1. 1 重庆市结核病防治所区县科, 重庆 400050
    2 重庆市南川区结核病防治所结核病控制科, 重庆 408400
    3 重庆市南川区结核病防治所住院部, 重庆 408400
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-24 出版日期:2026-06-20 发布日期:2026-06-12
  • 通信作者: 李迎娅 E-mail:410249398@qq.com

Epidemiological characteristics and trend of tuberculosis in Nanchuan District, Chongqing, 2004—2024

Zhang Ya1,2, Yu Ya1, Wang Qingya1, Sun Jian2, Li Yingya3()   

  1. 1 District and County Section, Chongqing Municipal Institute of Tuberculosis, Chongqing 400050, China
    2 Tuberculosis Control Section, Nanchuan Municipal Institute of Tuberculosis, Chongqing 408400, China
    3 Inpatient Department, Nanchuan Municipal Institute of Tuberculosis, Chongqing 408400, China
  • Received:2025-12-24 Online:2026-06-20 Published:2026-06-12
  • Contact: Li Yingya E-mail:410249398@qq.com

摘要:

目的: 了解重庆市南川区肺结核疫情变化趋势,为开展精准防控提供依据与对策建议。方法: 收集南川区2004—2024年活动性肺结核病例报告信息,采用描述性流行病学方法回顾性分析疾病的分布特征,通过Joinpoint回归分析发病时间变化趋势。结果: 2004—2024年南川区累计报告肺结核患者10452例,死亡47例,年均报告发病率和死亡率分别为85.94/10万(10452/12162419)和0.39/10万(47/12162419)。发病高峰为春季(25.32/10万,3079/12162419),以男性(113.58/10万,7000/6163263)居多,以35~39岁(8.64%,903/10452)、农民(66.93%,6996/10452)、中心镇街(43.25%,4520/10452)为主。Joinpoint回归分析显示,近21年来年均报告发病率总体呈下降趋势(AAPC=-5.62%,t=―12.05,P<0.001),冬季下降最为明显(AAPC=-9.11%,t=―2.78,P=0.006);在患者构成方面,≥65岁各年龄组(65~69、70~74、75~79、80~84、≥85岁组)、家务及待业人员呈上升趋势(AAPC值分别为4.71%、5.57%、9.90%、9.41%、11.91%、8.78%,t值分别为6.78、7.20、10.38、5.50、4.78、12.12,P值均为<0.001),离退休人员在2011—2024年期间呈上升趋势(APC=11.81%,t=4.74,P<0.001)。结论: 南川区肺结核疫情总体呈下降趋势,但应持续加强对男性、农民、≥65岁人群、春季及春节前后时期肺结核的防控。

关键词: 结核, 肺, 流行病学研究特征(主题), 小地区分析

Abstract:

Objective: To analyze the trend of tuberculosis (TB) epidemic in Nanchuan District, Chongqing, and to provide evidence for developing targeted prevention and control strategies. Methods: Data on active TB cases reported in Nanchuan District from 2004 to 2024 was collected. The epidemiological distribution characteristics were retrospectively analyzed using descriptive methods, and the temporal trend in incidence was assessed by Joinpoint regression analysis. Results: From 2004 to 2024, a total of 10452 pulmonary tuberculosis cases were reported in Nanchuan District, with 47 deaths. The average annual notification incidence and mortality rates were 85.94/100000 (10452/12162419) and 0.39/100000 (47/12162419), respectively. The notification incidence peaked in spring (25.32/100000, 3079/12162419), was higher in males (113.58/100000, 7000/6163263), and was predominantly observed among individuals aged 35-39 years (8.64%, 903/10452), farmers (66.93%, 6996/10452), and residents of central townships/subdistricts (43.25%, 4520/10452). Joinpoint regression analysis indicated an overall declining trend in the average annual notification incidence over the past 21 years (AAPC=―5.62%, t=―12.05, P<0.001), with the most pronounced decline observed in winter (AAPC=―9.11%, t=―2.78, P=0.006). Regarding case composition, the proportion of patients in all age groups above 65 years (65-69, 70-74, 75-79, 80-84, and ≥85 years), as well as homemakers/unemployed patients, showed an increasing trend (AAPC values were 4.71%, 5.57%, 9.90%, 9.41%, 11.91%, 8.78%, t values were 6.78, 7.20, 10.38, 5.50, 4.78, 12.12, all P<0.001). The proportion of retirees also increased significantly from 2011 to 2024 (APC=11.81%, t=4.74, P<0.001). Conclusion: The overall tuberculosis epidemic in Nanchuan District showed a downward trend. However, prevention and control of tuberculosis should be continuously strengthened among males, farmers, and people aged 65 years and older, as well as during spring and the period around the Spring Festival.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Epidemiologic study characteristics as topic, Small-area analysis

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