关键词: 结核, 肺, 发病率, 流行病学研究特征(主题), 因素分析, 统计学, 小地区分析

Abstract:

Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of tuberculosis (TB) patients in Haizhu District of Guangzhou from 2014 to 2018, so as to provide basis for the formulation of TB control measures.Methods Data of 6555 TB patients registered in Haizhu District of Guangzhou from 2014 to 2018 were collected from sub-system of China Disease Prevention and Control Information system - Tuberculosis Management Information System (Referred to as “Special Report System”). Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the average annual registration rate, distribution of TB patient in different time and regions.Results A total of 6555 TB patients were registered from 2014 to 2018, the average annual registration rate was 79.86/100000 (6555/8208100), and that for household registered population and non-household registered population were 68.77/100000 (3529/5131400) and 98.35/100000 (3026/3076700) with 3529 and 3026 TB patients registered respectively. The registration rates from 2014-2018 were 93.70/100000 (1499/1599800), 85.08/100000 (1373/1613700), 82.85/100000 (1357/1637900), 73.12/100000 (1216/1663100) and 65.54/100000 (1110/1693600), which presented a tendency of decrease (χ ²=96.33, P=0.000). Patients were registered in each month, among which the numbers of patients registered in April and September were more, which was 631 (9.63%, 631/6555) and 605 (9.23%, 605/6555), respectively. All the streets in the district had registered patients, and the highest was Nanzhou Street with the average annual registration rate of 136.99/100000 (754/550411), and the lowest was Nanshitou Street with the average annual registration rate of 57.26/100000 (336/586848). There were 4545 male patients and 2010 female patients in the district, with a male-female ratio of 2.3∶1. The majority of TB patients were aged 25-34 years, accounting for 21.88% (1434/6555). However, the registration rate of 55-64 years age group was the highest for household registered population, accounting for 21.82% (770/3529). The highest occupational distribution was among the housework and unemployed patients, accounting for 45.98% (3014/6555).Conclusion From 2014 to 2018, the epidemic of TB in Haizhu District of Guangzhou shows a declining trend year by year, and the epidemic control has achieved certain results. Male, 25-34 years old age group, Nanzhou Street, household and unemployed people are the key groups of TB prevention and control in the future.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Incidence, Epidemiologic study characteristics as topic, Factor analysis, statistical, Small-area analysis