结核与肺部疾病杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (1): 22-29.doi: 10.19983/j.issn.2096-8493.2024136

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2010—2020年天津市结核病防治健康促进工作效果评价

万莹, 庞学文, 张帆()   

  1. 天津市结核病控制中心研究室,天津 300041
  • 收稿日期:2024-09-07 出版日期:2025-02-20 发布日期:2025-02-20
  • 通信作者: 张帆 E-mail:jncdczhf@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    天津市科技计划项目(22KPHDRC00180);天津市卫生健康委员会科技项目(TJWJ2021QN075)

Evaluation on effect of health promotion for tuberculosis prevention and control in Tianjin City from 2010 to 2020

Wan Ying, Pang Xuewen, Zhang Fan()   

  1. Tianjin Center for Tuberculosis Control, Tianjin 300041, China
  • Received:2024-09-07 Online:2025-02-20 Published:2025-02-20
  • Contact: Zhang Fan E-mail:jncdczhf@126.com
  • Supported by:
    Tianjin Science and Technology Plan Project(22KPHDRC00180);Tianjin Municipal Health Commission Science and Technology Project(TJWJ2021QN075)

摘要:

目的:分析天津市结核病防治健康促进工作整体情况,评价工作效果,并针对新形势新需求提出工作建议。方法:采用回顾性研究方法,运用描述性流行病学方法对2010—2020年天津市结核病防治健康促进工作资料进行分析、总结。采用χ2检验对2010、2015和2020年结核病防治核心信息知晓情况进行统计学分析。结果:天津市公众结核病防治核心信息总知晓率和全部知晓率分别由2010年的62.2%(14281/22955)和8.8%(406/4591)逐步提高至2015年的76.4%(14952/19560)和33.8%(1321/3912)、2020年的85.2%(5856/6870)和42.2%(580/1374),差异均有统计学意义(χ2=1820.569,P<0.001;χ2=1049.946,P<0.001)。2010年60~69岁年龄组、2015年20~29岁年龄组总知晓率[分别为65.8%(1457/2215)和81.5%(2053/2520)]分别高于其他年龄组,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=34.628,P<0.001;χ2=115.925,P<0.001);2020年不同年龄组差异无统计学意义(χ2=9.993,P>0.05)。2010年初中及同等学历者总知晓率[64.0%(6181/9655)]高于其他文化程度者,另两年总知晓率均随着文化程度的提高而增高,差异均有统计学意义(χ2=71.476,P<0.001;χ2=108.473,P<0.001;χ2=20.781,P<0.001)。2010年农业劳动者知晓率最高[65.1%(3276/5035)],另两年均为机关/事业单位人群知晓率最高[分别为79.8%(1615/2025)和88.6%(359/405)],差异均有统计学意义(χ2=50.395,P<0.001;χ2=60.004,P<0.001;χ2=18.816,P<0.001)。2015年和2020年相比,“广播/电视/电影/网络/音像材料”[76.2%(2979/3912)和86.9%(1194/1374)]一直是公众最喜欢的接受健康知识的途径。“医生宣传”的选择率大幅降低,由38.3%(1497/3912)降低至19.1%(262/1374),而“居委会/村委会宣传”“其他(包括公共交通或户外新媒体宣传、听健康讲座)”的选择率大幅增加,分别由8.3%(323/3912)和0.4%(17/3912)上升至18.2%(250/1374)和18.6%(255/1374)。结论:10年来,天津市结核病防治健康促进工作成效显著。今后应与时俱进,继续发挥健康促进在结核病控制中的重要作用,加速“终结结核病流行”。

关键词: 结核, 健康促进, 结果评价(卫生保健), 天津市

Abstract:

Objective: To analyze the implementation of health promotion on tuberculosis (TB) prevention and control in Tianjin City from 2010 to 2020,evaluate its effect and develop suggestions according to new situation and new needs. Methods: Retrospective research methods and descriptive epidemiological methods were applied to analyze and summarize data of health promotion on TB prevention and control in Tianjin City from 2010 to 2020. Chi-square test was used to compare the awareness rate of key messages of TB prevention and control in 2010,2015 and 2020. Results: The overall awareness rates and all awareness rates of 5 key messages had been improved respectively from 62.2% (14281/22955) and 8.8% (406/4591) in 2010 to 76.4% (14952/19560) and 33.8% (1321/3912) in 2015,and then to 85.2% (5856/6870) and 42.2% (580/1374) in 2020.These differences were statistically significant (χ2=1820.569,P<0.001;χ2=1049.946,P<0.001). The overall awareness rates of participants aged 60-69 in 2010 (65.8%, 1457/2215) and people aged 20-29 in 2015 (81.5%, 2053/2520) were higher than other age groups of that year,and these differences were statistically significant (χ2=34.628,P<0.001;χ2=115.925,P<0.001). The difference among all age groups in 2020 was not statistically significant (χ2=9.993,P>0.05). The overall awareness rate of junior high school and equivalent education level (64.0%, 6181/9655) was higher than other groups in 2010. In 2015 and 2020, overall awareness rates increased with level of education. These differences were statistically significant (χ2=71.476, P<0.001;χ2=108.473, P<0.001;χ2=20.781, P<0.001). The overall awareness rate of agriculture workers was the highest in 2010 (65.1%, 3276/5035),and rates of government employee were the highest in 2015 and 2020 (79.8% (1615/2025) and 88.6% (359/405)). These differences were statistically significant (χ2=50.395,P<0.001;χ2=60.004,P<0.001;χ2=18.816,P<0.001). Comparing 2015 and 2020,“radio/television/film/internet/audiovisual materials”(76.2% (2979/3912) and 86.9% (1194/1374)) remained as most popular way for public to acquire health knowledge. The selection of “doctor promotion” had significantly decreased from 38.3% (1497/3912) to 19.1% (262/1374),“promotion by community/village committees”“other ways (including public transportation or outdoor new media promotion, listening to health lectures)”had respectively increased from 8.3% (323/3912) and 0.4% (17/3912) to 18.2% (250/1374) and 18.6% (255/1374). Conclusion: In the past 10 years, health promotion of TB prevention and control in Tianjin City had achieved remarkable results. In the future,it is necessary to advance with the times and further strengthen health promotion of TB prevention and control,to accelerate “ending TB epidemic”.

Key words: Tuberculosis, Health promotion, Outcome assessment (health care), Tianjin City

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