结核与肺部疾病杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (1): 30-34.doi: 10.19983/j.issn.2096-8493.2024165

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2014—2023年新疆生产建设兵团肺结核报告发病流行病学特征分析

赵永年1, 张丽杰2(), 王童敏1   

  1. 1新疆生产建设兵团疾病预防控制中心结核病预防控制科,乌鲁木齐 830032
    2中国疾病预防控制中心教育培训处现场流行病学培训项目办公室,北京 100050
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-11 出版日期:2025-02-20 发布日期:2025-02-20
  • 通信作者: 张丽杰 E-mail:zhanglj@chinacdc.cn

Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of reported pulmonary tuberculosis in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, 2014—2023

Zhao Yongnian1, Zhang Lijie2(), Wang Tongmin1   

  1. 1Department of Tuberculosis Prevention and Control, Disease Prevention and Control Center, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Urumqi 830032,China
    2On Site Epidemiological Training Program Office of the Education and Training Department of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050,China
  • Received:2024-12-11 Online:2025-02-20 Published:2025-02-20
  • Contact: Zhang Lijie E-mail:zhanglj@chinacdc.cn

摘要:

目的:分析2014—2023年新疆生产建设兵团(以下简称“兵团”)肺结核报告发病流行病学特征,为兵团肺结核防控提供对策。方法:通过“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”的子系统“传染病监测系统”收集发病日期为2014年1月1日至2023年12月31日且现住址为兵团的肺结核确诊病例和临床诊断病例15697例,采用描述性统计分析方法,分析10年兵团14个师报告的肺结核患者的平均报告发病率、性别、年龄、职业等流行病学特征。结果:2014—2023年兵团累计报告肺结核15697例,平均报告发病率为51.70/10万(15697/30361702),总体呈下降趋势($\chi_{\text {趋势 }}^{2}$=537.579,P<0.001),累计报告死亡69例,平均报告死亡率为0.23/10万(69/30361702)。平均报告发病率前三位的师市为第三师(99.55/10万,2463/2474134)、第一师(62.33/10万,2314/3712694)、第二师(57.61/10万,1256/2180238),均在南疆;南疆师市肺结核报告发病率为70.12/10万(6314/9004563),高于北疆(43.93/10万,9383/21357139),差异有统计学意义(χ2=840.541,P<0.001)。男性平均报告发病率为62.18/10万(9847/15836472),女性为40.27/10万(5850/14525230),男女比例为1.54∶1,差异有统计学意义(χ2=703.487,P<0.001);报告发病率随年龄增加逐渐上升,60岁以上年龄组(164.27/10万,6680/4066595)升高明显;职业分布以离退人员(29.80%,4677/15697)和农民(27.74%,4355/15697)为主。结论:2014—2023年新疆兵团肺结核报告发病率总体呈下降趋势,南疆师市高于北疆,应加强对老年人群、离退人员及农民等特殊人群监测、预防和治疗。

关键词: 结核,肺, 流行病学研究, 发病率

Abstract:

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of reported pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (hereinafter referred to as “Corps”) from 2014 to 2023, and to provide strategies for tuberculosis prevention and control in the Corps. Methods: 15697 laboratory confirmed and clinically diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis cases with the onset date from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2023 and the current address of the Corps were collected through the “Infectious Disease Reporting Information System”, a subsystem of the “China Disease Prevention and Control Information System”. The average reported incidence rate, the disstributation characteristics of gender, age, occupation and other epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis patients reported by 14 divisions of the Corps in the past 10 years were described. Results: From 2014 to 2023, a total of 15697 pulmonary tuberculosis were reported, with an average reported incidence rate of 51.70/100000 (15697/30361702), showing a downward trend ($\chi_{\text {ternd }}^{2}$=537.579, P<0.001). A total of 69 deaths had been reported, with an average reported mortality rate of 0.23/100000 (69/30361702). The top three cities with the highest average reported incidence rate were the Third Division (99.55/100000, 2463/2474134), the First Division (62.33/100000, 2314/3712694), and the Second Division (57.61/100000, 1256/2180238), all in southern Xinjiang. The reported incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis in southern Xinjiang was 70.12/100000 (6314/9004563), higher than that in northern Xinjiang (43.93/100000, 9383/21357139), with a statistically significant difference (χ 2=840.541, P<0.001). The average reported incidence rate of male and female was 62.18/100000 (9847/15836472) and 40.27/100000 (5850/14525230), respectively, with a significant difference (χ2=703.487, P<0.001). The male-to-female ratio of reported tuberculosis cases was 1.54∶1. The incidence rate increased with age, and the age group over 60 years old (164.27/100000,6680/4066595) increased significantly. The reported tuberculosis were mainly in retired personnel (29.80%, 4677/15697) and farmers (27.74%, 4355/15697). Conclusion: From 2014 to 2023, the reported incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps showed a downward trend, and the division cities in southern Xinjiang were higher than those in northern Xinjiang. It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring, prevention and treatment of specific populations, such as the elderly, retired people, and farmers.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Epidemiologic studies, Incidence

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