结核病与肺部健康杂志 ›› 2018, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (3): 176-179.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-3755.2018.03.006

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2011—2017年黑龙江省学生肺结核疫情特征分析

张碧波(),王鑫,韩雪,李洪海   

  1. 150030 哈尔滨,黑龙江省结核病预防控制中心健康促进科
  • 收稿日期:2018-08-01 出版日期:2018-09-30 发布日期:2018-10-16
  • 通信作者: 张碧波 E-mail:316630339@qq.com

Analysis of the characteristics of tuberculosis epidemic situation among students in Heilongjiang Province from 2011 to 2017

Bi-bo ZHANG(),Xin WANG,Xue HAN,Hong-hai LI   

  1. Health Promotion Department of Heilongjiang Tuberculosis Control and Prevention Center, Harbin 150030, China
  • Received:2018-08-01 Online:2018-09-30 Published:2018-10-16
  • Contact: Bi-bo ZHANG E-mail:316630339@qq.com

摘要:

目的 分析2011—2017年黑龙江省学校肺结核疫情特征。方法 收集黑龙江省2011—2017年传染病报告信息管理系统(简称“网络直报”系统)报告的学生肺结核疫情资料,共计6173例。学生人口资料来源于2012—2017年《黑龙江统计年鉴》。计算2011—2017年黑龙江省学生肺结核报告发病率和涂阳肺结核报告发病率,描述发病趋势和流行特征。结果 2017年黑龙江省学生肺结核报告发病率为13.85/10万(729/5263189),与2011年的16.18/10万(1056/6526400)相比下降了14.40%,总体呈下降趋势(χ2=51.54,P<0.01)。2014年学生肺结核报告发病构成比第三季度较高(29.46%,274/930);2017年第四季度较高(27.98%,204/729),2011—2013年及2015—2016年均以第二季度报告患者所占构成比较高,分别为34.09%(360/1056)、30.26%(332/1097)、32.34%(293/906)及33.29%(235/706)、28.30%(212/749)。2017年全省发病率高居前3位的地区分别是鹤岗市(24.16/10万,30/124181)、七台河市(22.88/10万,26/113621)和鸡西市(20.58/10万,45/218703)。以16~18岁年龄组发病构成比最高(40.88%,298/729),其次是19岁以上年龄组(36.49%,266/729)。结论 2011—2017年黑龙江省学生肺结核疫情呈总体下降趋势,除个别年份外,均以第二季度发病构成最高,鹤岗市、七台河市和鸡西市发病率最高,发病人群以高中阶段最多。

关键词: 结核, 肺, 学生, 发病率, 流行病学研究

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the characteristics of tuberculosis epidemic among students in Heilongjiang Province, 2011-2017. Methods The tuberculosis epidemic data of 6173 students reported from the Infectious Disease Information Management System in Heilongjiang Province from 2011 to 2017 were collected. The demographic data were from the 2012-2017 Heilongjiang Statistical Yearbook. The reported incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis and reported incidence of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis among students in Heilongjiang Province from 2011 to 2017 were calculated, and the incidence trend and epidemic characteristics were described. Results The reported incidence of tuberculosis among students in Heilongjiang Province was 13.85/100000 (729/5263189) in 2017, decreasing by 14.40% in comparison with 16.18/100000 (1056/6526400) in 2011. The overall trend was downward (χ2=51.54,P<0.01). Students reported higher incidence of tuberculosis in the third quarter in 2014 (29.46%, 274/930), and higher in the fourth quarter in 2017 (27.98%, 204/729). From 2011 to 2013 and 2015 to 2016, the proportion of patients reporting in the second quarter was relatively high: 34.09% (360/1056), 30.26% (332/1097), 32.34% (293/906) and 33.29% (235/706), 28.30% (212/749), respectively. The top of three regions with high incidence in 2017 were Hegang city (24.16/100000, 30/124181), Qitaihe city (22.88/100000, 26/113621) and Jixi city (20.58/100000, 45/218703). The incidence rate in the 16-18 age group was the highest (40.88%, 298/729), followed by the age group over 19 (36.49%, 266/729). Conclusion The tuberculosis epidemic situation in schools in Heilongjiang Province showed an downward trend overall. Except for a few years, the incidence in the second quarter was the highest. Hegang, Qitaihe and Jixi cities had the highest incidence of the disease, with the highest number of people at the high school stage.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Students, Incidence, Epidemiologic studies