关键词: 结核, 肺, 老年人, 发病率, 流行病学计量, 数据说明, 统计, 小地区分析

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis (TB) in the elderly in Shapingba District of Chongqing and provide evidence for the prevention and control of elderly TB. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was used to analyze the epidemic data of TB in the elderly (age ≥65 years) of Shapingba District from 2008 to 2017, including the incidence, gender and age characteristics. Results A total of 5368 TB cases were reported in Shapingba District during 2008-2017, and the registration rate was 59.55/100000 (5638/9468382). At the same time, 562 cases were elderly TB, and the registration rate of elderly TB was 65.20/100000 (562/861986); the difference was statistically significant (χ²=4.21,P<0.05). The incidence of registered active TB in the elderly declined from 93.08/100000 (66/70903) in 2008 to 80.31/100000 (78/97127) in 2017, but the downward trend was not statistically significant ($\chi ^{2}_{trend}$=3.30, P>0.05). The registration rate of smear positive TB in the elderly ranged from 33.85/100000 (24/70903) in 2008 to 53.54/100000 (52/97127) in 2017, and there was no downward trend ($\chi ^{2}_{trend}$=1.36, P>0.05). 96.26% (541/562) of elderly TB patients came from passive discovery such as symptomatic treatment, symptom recommendation, referral, and follow-up. The success rate of treatment of elderly TB was only 86.16% (417/484), and the mortality was 9.09% (44/484). Conclusion The epidemic situation of the prevention and control of TB in the elderly in Shapingba District is still grim. Strengthening the health education, using molecular diagnostic technology, conducting active screening, and improving the quality of health management should be taken in order to control TB epidemic of elderly population.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Aged, Incidence, Epidemiologic measurements, Data interpretation, statistical, Small-area analysis