结核与肺部疾病杂志 ›› 2021, Vol. 2 ›› Issue (1): 54-57.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-8493.2021.01.012

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

微信健康教育对大学新生结核病防治知信行干预效果的评价

方兰君, 吴惠忠, 黄珊珊, 温文沛, 周琳, 陈亮()   

  1. 510630 广州,广东省结核病控制中心
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-01 出版日期:2021-03-30 发布日期:2021-03-24
  • 通信作者: 陈亮 E-mail:568323856@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    “十三五”国家科技重大专项(2018ZX10715004-002)

Evaluation of intervention effect of WeChat health education on the knowledge, belief, and behavior of tuberculosis prevention and treatment in college freshmen

FANG Lan-jun, WU Hui-zhong, HUANG Shan-shan, WEN Wen-pei, ZHOU Lin, CHEN Liang()   

  1. Centre for Tuberculosis Control of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510630, China
  • Received:2020-12-01 Online:2021-03-30 Published:2021-03-24
  • Contact: CHEN Liang E-mail:568323856@qq.com

摘要:

目的 探讨微信健康教育对大学新生结核病防治知识、信念与行为的干预效果。方法 采取整群随机抽样方法,选取广州市某高校2018年入学新生为调查对象,共1121名。于2018年9—10月,由经培训的校医利用学校的微信公众号,每周推送结核病防治知识。使用统一设计的调查问卷在干预前后对调查对象进行调查,了解其肺结核防治相关知识、信念和行为情况,评价干预效果。结果 干预后调查对象结核病防治核心知识总知晓率从干预前的73.10%(4772/6528)提高到85.48%(5580/6528),差异有统计学意义(χ2=304.510,P<0.01)。调查对象掌握减少肺结核传播的方法和更加关心体贴肺结核患者两方面有了明显提高,分别由干预前的80.61%(877/1088)和35.29%(384/1088)上升到94.49%(1028/1088)和40.17%(437/1088),差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为96.106和5.495,P值均<0.05)。日常生活中经常打开窗户及向他人传播结核病知识的比率也有明显提高,分别由干预前的91.64%(997/1088)和57.26%(623/1088)上升到96.42%(1049/1088)和73.99%(805/1088),差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为22.122和67.480,P值均<0.01)。结论 依托学校为健康教育主体,通过微信开展健康教育效果显著,对提高学生结核病防治核心知识知晓率,促进正确的信念与行为,养成良好生活习惯具有重要作用。

关键词: 微信, 结核, 学生, 健康教育

Abstract:

Objective To explore the intervention effect of WeChat health education on the knowledge, beliefs and behaviors of tuberculosis prevention and treatment in college freshmen. Methods A cluster random sampling method was adopted, and a total of 1121 freshmen from a university in Guangzhou in 2018 were selected as the survey objects. From September to October 2018, trained school doctors used the school’s WeChat official account to publish knowledge about tuberculosis prevention and treatment every week. A uniformly designed questionnaire was used to investigate the subjects before and after the intervention to investigate their knowledge, beliefs and behaviors related to tuberculosis prevention and treatment, and to evaluate the effect of the intervention. Results The total awareness rate of the core knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and treatment increased from 73.10% (4772/6528) before the intervention to 85.48% (5580/6528) after the intervention, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=304.510, P<0.01). After the intervention, the mastering the method of reducing the transmission of tuberculosis and being more caring about tuberculosis patients were both significantly better than before (80.61% (877/1088) vs. 94.49% (1028/1088), χ2=96.106, P<0.05; 35.29% (384/1088) vs. 40.17% (437/1088), χ2=5.495, P<0.05); the proportion of willingness of frequently opening windows and spreading knowledge of tuberculosis to others in daily life were also significantly increased (91.64% (997/1088) vs. 96.42% (1049/1088), χ2=22.122, P<0.01; 57.26% (623/1088) vs. 73.99% (805/1088), χ2=67.480, P<0.01). Conclusion Health education through WeChat mainly in college had significant effect, and could play an important role in increasing the awareness of students’ core knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and treatment, as well as promoting correct beliefs and behaviors, and developing healthy life habits.

Key words: WeChat, Tuberculosis, Students, Health education