结核与肺部疾病杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (2): 211-220.doi: 10.19983/j.issn.2096-8493.20250201

• 论著 • 上一篇    

母牛分枝杆菌菌苗辅助治疗老年肺结核患者的效果及安全性Meta分析

徐刚1, 王热勤2, 李江红3(), 杨琪4, 谯小伟5   

  1. 1 甘肃省天水市疾病预防控制中心人事科, 天水 741000
    2 甘肃省天水市疾病预防控制中心地方病预防控制科, 天水 741000
    3 甘肃省天水市疾病预防控制中心办公室, 天水 741000
    4 甘肃省天水市疾病预防控制中心结核病预防控制科, 天水 741000
    5 甘肃省兰州市疾病预防控制中心结核病预防控制科, 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2025-12-18 出版日期:2026-04-20 发布日期:2026-04-13
  • 通信作者: 李江红 E-mail:Lijianghong1999@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省疾病预防控制科研公共卫生计划类项目(GSJKKY2025-29)

Meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of Mycobacterium vaccinae in the adjunctive therapy of elderly pulmonary tuberculosis

Xu Gang1, Wang Reqin2, Li Jianghong3(), Yang Qi4, Qiao Xiaowei5   

  1. 1 The Personnel Section, Tianshui Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Gansu Province, Tianshui 741000, China
    2 Endemic Disease Prevention and Control Section, Tianshui Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Gansu Province, Tianshui 741000, China
    3 General Office, Tianshui Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Gansu Province, Tianshui 741000, China
    4 Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Section, Tianshui Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Gansu Province, Tianshui 741000, China
    5 Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Section, Lanzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Gansu Province, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Received:2025-12-18 Online:2026-04-20 Published:2026-04-13
  • Contact: Li Jianghong E-mail:Lijianghong1999@163.com
  • Supported by:
    Gansu Provincial Scientific Research Public Health Program Project from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(GSJKKY2025-29)

摘要:

目的: 评价母牛分枝杆菌菌苗辅助治疗老年肺结核的疗效与安全性。方法: 从中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、CochraneLibrary、Embase中检索1998年1月至2024年12月中国含母牛分枝杆菌菌苗辅助治疗老年肺结核的随机对照试验研究,由2名研究者筛选文献并采用Cochrane偏倚风险评估表评价纳入研究的方法学质量。结果: 初次检索获得132篇随机对照临床试验文献,通过纳排标准最终纳入24篇文献、2291例研究对象,其中,使用母牛分枝杆菌菌苗辅助治疗者1177例(研究组),未使用者1114例(对照组)。Meta分析结果显示,研究组患者2个月末的痰菌阴转率[76.41%(758/992)]、疗程结束时的痰菌阴转率[91.92%(831/904)]、病灶吸收好转率[84.87%(909/1071)]和空洞闭合率[65.37%(402/615)]均明显优于对照组[分别为55.66%(531/954)、77.28%(670/867)、63.92%(645/1009)、45.36%(264/582)],未阴转/未好转/未闭合的相对危险度[RR(95%CI)]分别为1.39(1.27~1.53)、1.23(1.05~1.42)、1.33(1.21~1.45)、1.42(1.28~1.56);研究组不良反应发生率[11.62%(76/654)]明显高于对照组[8.00%(50/625)],发生不良反应的RR(95%CI)值为1.47(1.09~1.97)。结论: 母牛分枝杆菌菌苗对老年肺结核患者有较好的辅助治疗作用,建议继续开展高质量临床随机对照试验,以明确用药时间、最适剂量及药物相互作用等。

关键词: 分枝杆菌,牛, 老年人, 结核,肺, 治疗, 临床研究性, Meta分析(主题)

Abstract:

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Mycobacterium vaccinae in the adjuvant treatment of elderly pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods: The China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang data base, VIP data base, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Cochrane Library and Embase were searched for randomized controlled trials on Mycobacterium vaccae as an adjunctive therapy for elderly pulmonary tuberculosis conducted in China from January 1998 to December 2024. Two reviewers screened the literature and used the Cochrane risk of bias tool to evaluate the methodological quality of the included studies. Results: One hundred and thirty-two randomized controlled clinical trial publications were initially retrieved. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 24 articles were finally included, including 2291 subjects. Among these, 1177 subjects received Mycobacterium vaccae as an adjunctive therapy (experimental group), while 1114 subjects did not (control group). The meta-analysis results showed that the sputum culture conversion rate at the 2nd month (76.41% (758/992)), sputum culture conversion rate at the end of treatment (91.92% (831/904)), lesion absorption/improvement rate (84.87% (909/1071)), and cavity closure rate (65.37% (402/615)) were significantly superior to those in the control group (55.66% (531/954), 77.28% (670/867), 63.92% (645/1009), 45.36% (264/582), respectively). The relative risk ratios (RR (95%CI)) for failure to achieve conversion/mprovement/cavity closure were 1.39 (1.27-1.53), 1.23 (1.05-1.42), 1.33 (1.21-1.45), and 1.42 (1.28-1.56), respectively. The incidence of adverse reactions in the expremental group (11.62% (76/654)) was significantly higher than that in the control group (8.00% (50/625)), with a relative risk (RR (95%CI)) of 1.47 (1.09-1.97)). Conclusion: Mycobacterium vaccae has a good adjunctive therapeutic effect in elderly patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Further high-quality randomized controlled clinical trials are recommended to determine the optimal duration dosage and potential drug interactions.

Key words: Mycobacterium vaccae, Aged, Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Therapies, investigational, Meta-analysis as topic

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