Abstract: Objective To understand the actual capability of TB diagnosis and treatment in country CDCs in Yichang district, in order to provide scientific basis for optimization the model of TB prevention, diagnosis and treatment.Methods Using the census survey method, a total of 61 staff members in 9 county level CDCs were investigated by the research team, and checked 378 pieces of materials. The main content includes the clinicians’ background, CDC’s facilities, routine implementation of diagnosis and treatment, clinicians’ capability of TB diagnosis and treatment. Then data are verified, collected and analyzed by the research team.Results There are 24 clinicians who diagnose and treat TB or suspected TB patients in 9 county CDCs in Yichang district, of which 66.67% (16/24) had not received any systematic medical professional refresher yet, 45.83%(11/24)was incapable of reading the X-ray films, 62.50%(15/24) was incapable of reading chest CT. The examinations before and during the treatment in 58.33%(210/360) of spot-checked medical records did not follow the regulatory procedure. There are 11 medical tangles in the recent 10 years. None of the infrastructure in these 9 county CDCs had reached the regulatory requirements.Conclusion There are a big gap between county CDCs and the government requirement in the capability of TB diagnosis and treatment.