Abstract: Objective To explore the screening effect and risk factors of multidrug-resistance tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients.Methods During Aug. 2009 to Dec. 2011, 810 suspected MDR-TB cases from parts of baseline survey of drug resistance of tuberculosis in Guangdong province were screened, and were further diagnosed by laboratory examinations. Confirmed MDR-TB patients were offered standardized treatment. The effect of scree-ning were then evaluated and risk factors of MDR-TB were analyzed using unconditional Logistic regression model.Results 377 of 810 suspected MDR-TB patients screened were diagnosed definitely as MDR-TB. The positive rate was 46.54%, among which migrant population accounted for 76.13%(287/377);Positive rate of MDR-TB in ≥ 60 years patients, retreatment patients, patients with low educational level, migrant population and patients with irre-gular medication in first treatment were 54.26%(102/188), 60.87%(126/207), 49.11%(303/617), 56.94% (287/504)and 60.81%(135/222), respectively, which were significant higher than those of their opposite patients. The result of logistic regression analysis showed that age(β＝0.241,Wald χ²＝6.758,P＝0.009), domicile of origin(β＝1.056,Wald χ²＝15.336,P<0.001), retreatment(β＝0.477,Wald χ²＝7.298,P＝0.007) and irregular treatment(β＝1.229,Wald χ²＝55.459,P<0.001) were the risk factors of MDR-TB; Conclusion It is an effective method to detect MDR-TB patients from suspected patients. Elderly, retreated, patients with irregular treatment, and migrants are the high risk population of MDR-TB.