结核与肺部疾病杂志 ›› 2024, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (4): 317-324.doi: 10.19983/j.issn.2096-8493.2024092

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2005—2023年广东省南澳县肺结核流行特征分析

赵文丽1, 方梓昊1, 徐雁南1, 刘苏洋1, 林健雄2, 陈壮濠2, 符慧2, 陈蕊明2(), 常巧呈1()   

  1. 1汕头大学公共卫生学院,汕头 515063
    2广东省汕头市结核病防治所,汕头 515031
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-28 出版日期:2024-08-20 发布日期:2024-08-13
  • 通信作者: 陈蕊明,常巧呈 E-mail:chenruiming1982@163.com;qcchang@stu.edu.cn

Epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis in Na’nao County, Guangdong Province from 2005 to 2023

Zhao Wenli1, Fang Zihao1, Xu Yannan1, Liu Suyang1, Lin Jianxiong2, Chen Zhuanghao2, Fu Hui2, Chen Ruiming2(), Chang Qiaocheng1()   

  1. 1School of Public Health, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
    2Shantou Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Institute, Shantou 515031, China
  • Received:2024-05-28 Online:2024-08-20 Published:2024-08-13
  • Contact: Chen Ruiming,Chang Qiaocheng E-mail:chenruiming1982@163.com;qcchang@stu.edu.cn

摘要:

目的:分析南澳县2005—2023年监测数据中结核病报告发病流行特征和变化规律,为结核病防控措施的制定提供参考依据。方法:通过“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”的子系统“结核病管理信息系统”筛选2005—2023年广东省汕头市南澳县登记管理的肺结核患者病案数据。南澳县各年度人口学资料来源于《南澳统计年鉴》。采用描述性流行病学方法分析2005—2023年南澳县肺结核监测报告数据,描述其发病的主要特征,并采用Joinpoint回归模型分析结核病的发病变化趋势。结果:2005—2023年南澳县共报告结核病患者1636例,年均报告发病率为134.79/10万,其中病原学阳性肺结核患者占34.72%(568/1636),发病率曲线呈波动分布[平均年度变化百分比(AAPC)=-5.478%,P<0.001]。无明显季节性高峰。在报告的1636例患者中,男性1211例,女性425例;利福平耐药患者9例,且均为男性;发病年龄以60~69岁人群为主(415例,占25.37%);职业以家务及待业为主(628例,占38.39%)。结论:南澳县结核病发病率总体呈现下降趋势,应进一步加强对男性、老年人、家务及待业人群的防控。

关键词: 结核,肺, 发病率, 流行病学研究, 小地区分析

Abstract:

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and changing patterns of tuberculosis notified in Nan’ao County from 2005 to 2023, and to provide reference for the formulation of tuberculosis prevention and control measures in the county. Methods: Data of tuberculosis patients registered in Nan’ao County, Guangdong Province from 2005 to 2023 were extracted from the Tuberculosis Management Information System, a subsystem of China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Annual demographic data of Nan’ao County was derived from the Nan’ao County Statistical Yearbook. Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the tuberculosis surveillance report data in Nan’ao County from 2005 to 2023, and to describe the main characteristics of TB incidence. Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the trend of tuberculosis incidence. Results: From 2005 to 2023, a total of 1636 TB cases were reported in Nan’ao County, with an average annual incidence of 134.79/100000 (1636/1213700), among which etiologically positive tuberculosis accounted for 34.72% (568/1636). The incidence curve showed a fluctuating trend (average annual percentage change (AAPC)=-5.478%, P<0.001). No obvious seasonal peak. Among the 1636 cases reported, 1211 were male and 425 were female; There were 9 rifampicin-resistant patients, all of whom were male. The age of onset was mainly 60-69 years old (415 cases, 25.37%). The main occupation was homemaker/currently unemployed (628 cases, 38.39%). Conclusion: The incidence of tuberculosis in Nan’ao County showed a decreasing trend. Prevention and control for male, elderly people, homemaker and unemployed people should be further strengthened.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Incidence, Epidemiologic studies, Small-area analysis

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