关键词: 肺疾病,慢性阻塞性, 问卷调查, 患病率, 因素分析,统计学

Abstract:

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among permanent residents aged ≥40 years in Nanshan District, Shenzhen, the awareness of COPD, and to analyze the factors associated with the COPD, so as to provide evidence for development of COPD prevention and control measures. Methods: A multi-stage stratified random sampling method was used to select 5 communities from 2 sub-districts in Nanshan District, Shenzhen from October to December, 2018. 100 to 120 families were randomly selected from each community, and one permanent resident aged ≥40 years old was randomly selected from each family to conduct the questionnaire survey, pulmonary function test and COPD assessment test (CAT) using the random sampling table method. The questionnaire included the basic information of the subjects, the awareness of knowledge of COPD (including COPD disease name and COPD related knowledge), previous disease history, respiratory symptoms, status of risk factor exposure and results of previous pulmonary function examination. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the influencing factors of COPD prevalence in residents. Results: A total of 555 subjects were collected in Nanshan district. The awareness of knowledge of COPD disease name, pulmonary function examination and COPD related knowledge were 27.39% (152/555), 18.92% (105/555) and 19.10% (106/555), respectively. The awareness rates of COPD disease name, pulmonary function test and COPD related knowledge among subjects with high school education or above and, the technical personnel (29.68% (111/374), 21.39% (80/374), and 21.12% (79/374); 47.06% (24/51), 37.25% (19/51), and 37.25% (19/51)) were higher than those with primary school education or less and engaged in agricultural/forestry/animal husbandry/fishery/water conservancy production (14.71% (10/68), 8.82% (6/68), and 7.35% (5/68); 1/6, 0, 0), and the differences were statistically significant (χ²=5.430, P=0.020; χ²=6.178, P=0.013; χ²=5.721, P=0.017; χ²=20.490, P=0.009; χ²=22.750, P=0.004; χ²=27.087, P=0.001). The rate of COPD was 9.73% (54/555), with 40 cases (74.07%) being mild, 11 cases (20.37%) being moderate and 3 cases (5.56%) being severe. The mean CAT score of the COPD patients was 3.0 (1.0, 5.0), and there was association between the score and the severity of the disease (H=7.779, P=0.020). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that persons aged 70-78 years old and with history of asthma and chronic bronchitis were risk factors for COPD in Nanshan District residents (OR (95%CI)=3.448 (1.036-11.479); OR (95%CI)=5.149 (1.481-17.902); OR (95%CI)=2.646 (1.005-6.965)). Conclusion: The awareness of COPD core knowledge among permanent residents aged ≥40 years old in Nanshan District is low. It is recommended to take comprehensive COPD health promotion measures to improve the awareness level of COPD related knowledge among residents, especially those with low education level and no fixed workplace. The detection of COPD is not optimistic. The trend of younger patients with COPD should be paid attention. We should actively carry out early diagnosis and treatment measures for COPD, especially expanding the coverage of early screening for elderly residents and residents with a history of asthma and chronic bronchitis.

Key words: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Questionnaires, Prevalence rate, Factor analysis, statistical