营养补充对于减轻婴幼儿对二手烟危害的帮助

结核病与肺部健康杂志 ›› 2013, Vol. 2 ›› Issue (2): 132-134.

营养补充对于减轻婴幼儿对二手烟危害的帮助

才硕，叶天民

010110 呼和浩特,内蒙古医科大学临床医学院(才硕)；同济大学上海市第一妇婴保健院生殖医学中心(叶天民)

收稿日期:2013-03-30 出版日期:2013-06-30 发布日期:2013-06-30
通信作者: 叶天民,Email:drytm@163.com

Effects of nutrition supplement on ameliorating health effects of secondhand smoke on infants

CAI Shuo^*,YE Tian-min

^*School of Clinical Medicine,Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot 010110,China

Received:2013-03-30 Online:2013-06-30 Published:2013-06-30
Contact: YE Tian-min,Email:drytm@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 二手烟对婴幼儿健康的危害是众所周知的,现行的一些控烟政策法规对于工作场所及公共场所二手烟的控制主要只是降低了成人在此环境中的暴露,但是对于婴幼儿来说却效果不佳,而且婴幼儿对于二手烟会更加易感。降低二手烟的危害对于婴幼儿尤其重要。所以,迫切需要制定新的控烟条例来保护广大的婴幼儿。为此,笔者综合参考文献,主要就营养补充对于最大程度地降低二手烟对婴幼儿危害的作用进行分析和探讨,并且希望能够总结出一些营养学干预方法来降低由于二手烟对婴幼儿引起的健康及卫生问题。当然,主要目标应该是降低和避免婴幼儿在二手烟环境中的暴露。

Abstract: It is well known that secondhand smoke(SHS)has serious effect on infants’ health. Current policies which focus on SHS exposure in public places and workplaces reduction can successfully prevent the adults from SHS exposure other than infants,who are actually more sensitive and susceptible to SHS. SHS exposure reduction is particularly important for infants. There is a serious need for novel strategies to protect children from SHS. This review focuses on the mechanism of nutrition supplement on ameliorating the adverse health effects and the nutrition intervention measures to reduce the SHS-related health outcome and problem for infants. The main objective should be reducing and avoiding children’s exposure from SHS.

才硕，叶天民. 营养补充对于减轻婴幼儿对二手烟危害的帮助[J]. 结核病与肺部健康杂志, 2013, 2(2): 132-134.

CAI Shuo^*,YE Tian-min. Effects of nutrition supplement on ameliorating health effects of secondhand smoke on infants[J]. Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health, 2013, 2(2): 132-134.

参考文献

[1]Schick S,Glantz S. Scientific analysis of second-hand smoke by the tobacco industry,1929—1972.Nicotine Tob Res,2005,7(4):591-612.
[2]Benowitz NL,Kuyt F,Jacob P 3rd,et al. Cotinine disposition and effects. Clin Pharmacol Ther,1983,34(5):604-611.
[3]Pirkle JL,Bernert JT,Caudill SP,et al. Trends in the exposure of nonsmokers in the U.S. population to secondhand smoke:1988—2002.Environ Health Perspect,2006,114(6):853-858.
[4]Mannino DM,Caraballo R,Benowitz N,et al. Predictors of cotinine levels in US children:data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Chest,2001,120(3):718-724.
[5]Schuster MA,Franke T,Pham CB. Smoking patterns of household members and visitors in homes with children in the United States. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med,2002,156(11):1094-1100.
[6]Miller M. NCI monograph links secondhand smoke to cancer and other diseases. J Natl Cancer Inst,2000,92(1):14.
[7]Pinkerton KE,Joad JP. Influence of air pollution on respiratory health during perinatal development. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol,2006,33(3):269-272.
[8]Bearer CF. How are children different from adults? Environ Health Perspect,1995,103 Suppl 6:7-12.
[9]Pinkerton KE,Joad JP. The mammalian respiratory system and critical windows of exposure for children’s health. Environ Health Perspect,2000,108 Suppl 3:457-462.
[10]Dietert RR,Etzel RA,Chen D,et al. Workshop to identify cri-tical windows of exposure for children’s health:immune and respiratory systems work group summary. Environ Health Perspect,2000,108 Suppl 3:483-490.
[11]Burri PH. Structural aspects of postnatal lung development-alveolar formation and growth. Biol Neonate,2006,89(4):313-322.
[12]Tanswell AK,Freeman BA. Pulmonary antioxidant enzyme maturation in the fetal and neonatal rat. I. Developmental profiles. Pediatr Res,1984,18(7):584-587.
[13]Hayashibe H,Asayama K,Dobashi K,et al. Prenatal development of antioxidant enzymes in rat lung,kidney,and heart:marked increase in immunoreactive superoxide dismutases,glutathione peroxidase,and catalase in the kidney. Pediatr Res,1990,27(5):472-475.
[14]Rickett GM,Kelly FJ. Developmental expression of antioxidant enzymes in guinea pig lung and liver. Development,1990,108(2):331-336.
[15]Zhang J,Jiang S,Watson RR. Antioxidant supplementation prevents oxidation and inflammatory responses induced by sidestream cigarette smoke in old mice. Environ Health Perspect,2001,109(10):1007-1009.
[16]Schwarzacher SP,Hutchison S,Chou TM,et al. Antioxidant diet preserves endothelium-dependent vasodilatation in resis-tance arteries of hypercholesterolemic rabbits exposed to environmental tobacco smoke. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol,1998,31(5):649-653.
[17]Fenech M. Folate(vitamin B9)and vitamin B12 and their function in the maintenance of nuclear and mitochondrial genome integrity. Mutat Res,2012,733(1/2):21-33.
[18]Dietrich M,Block G,Benowitz NL,et al. Vitamin C supplementation decreases oxidative stress biomarker f2-isoprostanes in plasma of nonsmokers exposed to environmental tobacco smoke. Nutr Cancer,2003,45(2):176-184.
[19]Novembrino C,Cighetti G,De Giuseppe R,et al. Effects of encapsulated fruit and vegetable juice powder concentrates on oxidative status in heavy smokers. J Am Coll Nutr,2011,30(1):49-56.
[20]van den Berg R,van Vliet T,Broekmans WM,et al. A vegetable/fruit concentrate with high antioxidant capacity has no effect on biomarkers of antioxidant status in male smokers. J Nutr,2001,131(6):1714-1722.
[21]Alvarez-Parrilla E,De La Rosa LA,Legarreta P,et al. Daily consumption of apple,pear and orange juice differently affects plasma lipids and antioxidant capacity of smoking and non-smoking adults. Int J Food Sci Nutr,2010,61(4):369-380.
[22]Aggett PJ. Functional effects of food:what do we know in children? Br J Nutr,2004,92 Suppl 2:S223-226.
[23]Jendryczko A,Szpyrka G,Gruszczyński J,et al. Cigarette smoke exposure of school children:effect of passive smoking and vitamin E supplementation on blood antioxidant status. Neoplasma,1993,40(3):199-203.
[24]Herrmann M,King K,Weitzman M. Prenatal tobacco smoke and postnatal secondhand smoke exposure and child neurodevelopment. Curr Opin Pediatr,2008,20(2):184-190.
[25]Daly KA,Brown JE,Lindgren BR,et al. Epidemiology of otitis media onset by six months of age. Pediatrics,1999,103(6 Pt 1):1158-1166.
[26]Butler LM,Smiley-Jewell S,Pinkerton KE. Can nutrition les-sen the effects of secondhand smoke exposure among children? Rev Environ Health,2012,27(2/3):75-84.
[27]Butler LM,Koh WP,Lee HP,et al. Dietary fiber and reduced cough with phlegm:a cohort study in Singapore. Am J Respir Crit Care Med,2004,170(3):279-287.
[28]David GL,Koh WP,Lee HP,et al. Childhood exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and chronic respiratory symptoms in non-smoking adults:the Singapore Chinese Health Study. Thorax,2005,60(12):1052-1058.
[29]Slotkin TA,Seidler FJ,Qiao D,et al. Effects of prenatal nicotine exposure on primate brain development and attempted amelioration with supplemental choline or vitamin C:neurotransmitter receptors,cell signaling and cell development biomarkers in fetal brain regions of rhesus monkeys. Neuropsychopharmacology,2005,30(1):129-144.