Abstract: Objective To explore the influencing factors of treatment compliance of tuberculosis(TB)cases in special hospital,and to explore the appropriate treatment and management measures in order to improve the comp-liance of TB patients in special hospital.Methods Questionnaire survey by telephone was used to investigate 100 TB patients in special hospital, 100 effective questionnaires were collected which includes 3 parts:basic information,diagnostic and treatment information and health education information. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of the compliance.Results The result of single factor logistic regression showed that education level(χ²=7.335,P=0.007),marital status(χ²=10.576,P=0.005),and health education conducted by doctors(χ²=7.055,P=0.008)had significant differences(P<0.05). Multifactor logistic regression analysis showed that marital status(Wald χ²=4.765,OR=0.133,95%CI=0.022～0.814,P=0.029)and health education(Wald χ²=5.568,OR=0.127,95%CI=0.023～0.705,P=0.018)had significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion As treatment compliance depends on many factors,the special hospital should strengthen TB health education and attach great importance to the support provided by family members to tuberculosis patients,which will eventually improve the treatment compliance.