Abstract: Spinal tuberculosis is one of the most common extra-pulmonary tuberculosis, the increase of complex cases brings more difficulties for the treatment. In the past 10 years, although the surgical treatment of spinal tuberculosis has made tremendous progress in China, the diversified understanding of clinical issues results in the lack of consistency in indications,timing and the approach of surgery, and the neglect of the chemotherapy. Internal fixation technique plays an important role in maintenance and reconstruction of spinal stability, however it is over-used and the non-standard treatment may result in recurrence or even disability. The author made a review on the status and progress of the surgical treatment of spinal tuberculosis in order to unify the understanding to a certain extent and improve the treatment level of spinal tuberculosis.