Abstract: Objective To study the nutritional status of the patients with multi-drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis and provide scientific basis for promoting the treatment and rehabilitation.Methods Collected 109 cases of patients with multi-drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis who were hospitalized in people’s hospital of Linyi during the period of 2012 to 2014, including the initial treatment group (untreated patients with multi-drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis) 58 cases, the retreatment group (the retreated patients with multi-drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis) 51 cases. The two groups were collected at admission physical examination and blood test results, including body mass index (BMI): ＜18.5 as malnutrition (thin), 18.5-23.9 as normal, ≥24 as overweight or obese); hemoglobin (Hb (g/L): ＜110 as malnutrition (anemia), 110-150 as normal); external peripheral blood lymphocyte count (TLC (×10⁹/L): ＜2.0 ×10⁹/L as malnutrition (TLC reduction), 2-3.2 as normal); serum albumin count (Alb (g/L): ＜35 as malnutrition (hypoproteinemia), 35-55 as normal), according to above indicators results to analyze and compare the nutritional status of patients.Results Among 109 patients with multi-drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis, low weight accounted for 42.2% (46/109), anemia accounted for 29.4% (32/109), TLC reduction accounted for 69.7% (76/109), low protein accounted for 55.0% (60/109). In initial treatment group patients, the low weight accounted for 37.9% (22/58), anemia accounted for 27.6% (16/58), TLC reduction accounted for 69.0% (40/58), low protein accounted for 41.4% (24/58); In the retreatment group, low weight accounted for 47.1% (24/51), anemia accounted for 31.4% (16/51), TLC reduction accounted for 70.6% (36/51), low protein accounted for 70.6% (36/51), the initial treatment and retreatment group only to Albumin (Alb) evaluation of malnutrition had significant difference (χ²=9.356,P＜0.05). Two groups of the nutrition indicators test results: the initial treatment group BMI, Hb, TLC, Alb levels were 20.58,124.41 g/L,1.63×10⁹/L,35.26 g/L;the retreatment group patients were 18.06, 116.86 g/L, 1.42×10⁹/L, 31.53 g/L, the initial treatment group were significantly higher than the retreatment group (χ² values were 4.438,2.215,2.122,3.638, P＜0.05).Conclusion The patients with multi-drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis has a higher malnutrition incidence, and the retreatment group is even worse than untreated group. Therefore, we should focus on the nutritional status of the patients and the early targeted nutrition support treatment are essential for patients.