Meta-analysis of influencing factors for patients with diabetes mellitus and in latent tuberculosis infection

doi:10.19983/j.issn.2096-8493.20250136

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: To systematically review the influencing factors of diabetes mellitus (DM) patients complicated with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), and provide a reference basis for subsequent basic and clinical research. Methods: Computerized searches were performed in the Excerpta Medica Database, Medline Biomedical Literature Database, Cochrane Library Database, China Journal Full-text Database, Wanfang Medical Network, and VIP Database, with retrieval periods ranging from the establishment of each database to February 22, 2025. Two trained and qualified researchers independently performed literature searches, quality assessments, and data extraction. Meta-analysis was conducted using R 4.4.3 software. Results: A total of 9 studies were included, involving 3972 cases. The results of Meta-analysis showed that: a household size ≥5 members (OR=1.691, 95%CI: 1.201-2.381), current smoking (OR=1.618, 95%CI: 1.168-2.241), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) >7.0% (OR=1.503, 95%CI: 1.125-2.008) were risk factors for DM patients complicated with LTBI. Conclusion: Household size ≥5 members, current smoking, and glycated hemoglobin >7.0% are risk factors for DM patients complicated with LTBI. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen health education and awareness for individuals with DM complicated with LTBI, along with accurate identification and targeted interventions for the influencing factors, and to promptly adopt preventive and interventional measures.

Key words: Diabetes mellitus, Mycobacterium infections, Tuberculosis, Comorbidity, Meta-analysis

CLC Number:

R52
R587.1

Qian Mengni, Lu Nihong, Du Yingrong. Meta-analysis of influencing factors for patients with diabetes mellitus and in latent tuberculosis infection[J]. Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease , 2026, 7(2): 203-210. doi: 10.19983/j.issn.2096-8493.20250136

Figures/Tables 6

References 21

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纳入研究 (第一作者- 文献编号)	年份	国家	研究类型	LTBI 检测方法	阳性截止值	分析方法	样本量 (例)	影响因素	NOS/ AHRQ 评分
张霞^[8]	2021	中国	横断面研究	γ-干扰素释放试验	-	多因素分析	430	ANf	8
陈静^[9]	2022	中国	横断面研究	γ-干扰素释放试验	QFT-GIT	多因素分析	885	M	8
Chang^[10]	2022	中国	横断面研究	γ-干扰素释放试验	QFT-GIT	多因素分析	1120	BST	7
Abdul-Ghani^[11]	2024	也门	横断面研究	结核菌素皮肤试验、 γ-干扰素释放试验	≥10mm、-	多因素分析	150	ABDFGHJL MPQTUW	8
Salindri^[12]	2021	美国	病例对照研究	γ-干扰素释放试验	QFT-GIT	单因素分析	132	ABCILMN PRUdfghik	7
Koesoemadinata^[13]	2017	印度尼西亚	病例对照研究	γ-干扰素释放试验	QFT-GIT	单因素分析	206	ABFLMNT UVWYZj)	8
Ismail^[14]	2020	叙利亚	横断面研究	γ-干扰素释放试验	QFT-Plus	单因素分析	87	ABEHJKM NPVZe	7
Martínez-Aguilar^[15]	2015	墨西哥	横断面研究	结核菌素皮肤试验	≥5mm	多因素分析	600	OWab	9
Hussain^[16]	2019	马来西亚	横断面研究	结核菌素皮肤试验	≥10mm	多因素分析	362	MPWc	8

影响因素	纳入研究 (篇)	异质性检验		效应模型	OR(95%CI)值	Z值	P值
影响因素	纳入研究 (篇)	I²值(%)	P值	效应模型	OR(95%CI)值	Z值	P值
男性	4^[8,11,13-14]	54.995	0.083	随机	1.308(0.744~2.300)	0.933	0.351
年龄(岁)
40≤年龄≤49	2^[10-11]	0.000	0.557	固定	1.546(0.650~3.676)	0.986	0.324
49<年龄≤59	2^[10,13]	84.222	0.012	随机	1.403(0.366~5.384)	0.494	0.621
59<年龄≤69	4^[10-13]	65.694	0.020	随机	1.661(0.846~3.261)	1.475	0.140
家庭人口数(≥5名)	2^[11,13]	0.000	0.992	固定	1.691(1.201~2.381)	3.008	0.003
无识字水平	2^[11,14]	77.049	0.036	随机	0.986(0.178~5.470)	―0.016	0.987
未就业	2^[11,14]	34.420	0.216	固定	0.431(0.177~1.050)	―1.852	0.064
曾经吸烟	3^[10-12]	41.961	0.178	固定	1.150(0.787~1.680)	0.723	0.469
当前吸烟	6^[9,11-14,16]	0.000	0.729	固定	1.618(1.168~2.241)	2.895	0.004
体质量指数(kg/m²)
<25	2^[8,13]	68.672	0.074	随机	1.170(0.332~4.123)	0.244	0.807
25~29	3^[8,12-13]	64.303	0.061	随机	0.861(0.360~2.057)	―0.338	0.736
≥30	3^[12-14]	0.000	0.372	固定	1.302(0.862~1.968)	1.253	0.210
结核病患者接触史	4^{[11-12,14,16]}	56.083	0.078	随机	2.348(0.660~8.355)	1.318	0.188
糖尿病持续时间(年)
<5	2^[10,13]	0.000	0.923	固定	1.303(0.942~1.802)	1.601	0.109
5~15	3^[10-11,13]	72.064	0.028	随机	0.886(0.370~2.119)	―0.273	0.785
>15	2^[10,13]	0.000	0.410	固定	1.297(0.725~2.321)	0.876	0.381
抗糖药物使用	2^[12-13]	0.000	0.787	固定	0.690(0.456~1.045)	―1.751	0.080
胰岛素使用	2^[13-14]	0.000	0.767	固定	0.572(0.298~1.100)	―1.681	0.093
糖化血红蛋白>7.0%	4^{[11,13,15-16]}	21.887	0.275	固定	1.503(1.125~2.008)	2.754	0.006
高血压	2^[8,12]	74.840	0.046	随机	1.026(0.242~4.353)	0.034	0.973

影响因素	效应模型	OR(95%CI)值	Z值	P值
男性	固定	0.977(0.730~1.306)	―0.158	0.874
年龄(岁)
40≤年龄≤49	随机	1.546(0.650~3.676)	0.986	0.324
49<年龄≤59	固定	1.012(0.649~1.563)	0.030	0.976
59<年龄≤69	随机	1.300(0.689~2.422)	0.827	0.409
家庭人口数(≥5名)	随机	1.691(1.201~2.381)	3.008	0.003
无识字水平	固定	1.082(0.480~2.441)	0.191	0.849
未就业	随机	0.470(0.147~1.505)	―1.271	0.204
曾经吸烟	固定	1.090(0.742~1.601)	0.440	0.660
当前吸烟	随机	1.618(1.168~2.241)	2.895	0.004
体质量指数(kg/m²)
<25	固定	0.931(0.504~1.720)	―0.229	0.819
25~29	固定	0.604(0.307~1.190)	―1.458	0.145
≥30	随机	1.302(0.862~1.968)	1.253	0.210
结核病患者接触史	固定	1.304(0.421~4.039)	0.461	0.645
糖尿病持续时间(年)
<5	随机	1.303(0.942~1.802)	1.601	0.109
5~15	固定	1.279(0.868~1.884)	1.243	0.214
>15	随机	1.297(0.725~2.321)	0.876	0.381
抗糖药物使用	随机	0.690(0.456~1.045)	―1.751	0.080
胰岛素使用	随机	0.572(0.298~1.097)	―1.681	0.093
糖化血红蛋白>7.0%	随机	1.503(1.125~2.008)	2.754	0.006
高血压	固定	0.676(0.412~1.109)	―1.551	0.121