家庭教育-环境改良-情景游戏护理在支气管哮喘患儿中的应用效果

doi:10.19983/j.issn.2096-8493.20250184

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 探讨家庭教育-环境改良-情景游戏护理在支气管哮喘患儿中的应用效果。方法: 参照入组标准选取2023年4月至2024年12月莆田市第一医院收治的84例支气管哮喘患儿,按照随机数字表法将患儿分为对照组(42例,采用常规护理)和观察组(42例,在对照组基础上增加家庭教育-环境改良-情景游戏护理)。对比两组患儿的心理状况[包括医疗恐惧调查量表(CMFS)评分和儿童焦虑性情绪障碍筛查量表(SCARED)评分]、治疗依从性、儿童哮喘控制测试量表(C-ACT)评分、平均每次雾化时间、复发率,以及家长满意度。结果: 护理干预后,观察组患儿的CMFS评分[(17.29±1.73)分]和SCARED评分[(18.85±2.07)分]均明显低于对照组[分别为(29.68±2.70)分和(22.25±2.24)分],C-ACT评分总得分[(24.12±2.40)分]明显高于对照组[(20.23±2.05)分],差异均有统计学意义(t值分别为25.040、7.224、7.987,P值均<0.001);观察组平均每次雾化时间[(15.45±1.77)min]明显少于对照组[(22.65±2.16)min],总依从率[92.86%(39/42)]和家长总满意度[97.62%(41/42)]均明显高于对照组[分别为76.19%(32/42)和78.57%(33/42)],复发率[9.52%(4/42)]明显低于对照组[30.95%(13/42)],差异均有统计学意义(t=16.709,P<0.001;χ²=4.459,P=0.035;χ²=7.265,P=0.007;χ²=5.974,P=0.015)。结论: 家庭教育-环境改良结合情景游戏护理可减轻支气管哮喘患儿的焦虑和恐惧情绪、提高治疗依从性与哮喘控制效果、缩短雾化时间、降低疾病复发率、提高家长满意度,具有临床推广价值。

关键词: 哮喘, 教育, 护理, 环境疗法, 游戏疗法, 心理疗法, 病人依从

Abstract:

Objective: To evaluate the application effect of family education-environment improvement nursing combined with scenario games in children with bronchial asthma. Methods: Refered to the enrollment criteria, a total of 84 pediatric patients with bronchial asthma admitted to The First Hospital of Putian City from April 2023 to December 2024 were enrolled and randomly divided into a control group (42 cases, receiving routine nursing) and an observation group (42 cases, receiving additional family education-environmental improvement nursing combined with scenario-based games). Psychological status (assessed by the Child Medical Fear Scale (CMFS) and the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED)), treatment compliance, Childhood Asthma Control Test (C-ACT) scores, average nebulization duration, recurrence rate, and parental satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results: After the intervention, CMFS and SCARED scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ((17.29±1.73) vs. (29.68±2.70) and (18.85±2.07) vs. (22.25±2.24), respectively; t=25.040, 7.224, both P<0.001), while the total C-ACT score was significantly higher ((24.12±2.40) vs. (20.23±2.05); t=7.987, P<0.001). The average nebulization duration in the observation group was significantly shorter than that in the control group ((15.45±1.77) min vs. (22.65±2.16) min; t=16.709, P<0.001). Total treatment compliance (92.86% (39/42) vs.76.19% (32/42); χ²=4.459, P=0.035) and overall parental satisfaction (97.62% (41/42) vs. 78.57% (33/42); χ²=7.265, P=0.007) were significantly higher, and the recurrence rate was significantly lower (9.52% (4/42) vs. 30.95% (13/42); χ²=5.974, P=0.015) in the observation group. Conclusion: The combination of family education-environmental improvement nursing combined with scenario games can alleviate anxiety and fear in children with bronchial asthma, enhance treatment compliance and asthma control effectiveness, shorten nebulization duration, reduce disease recurrence rate, and improve parental satisfaction, suggesting its clinical value.

Key words: Asthma, Education, nursing, Milieu therapy, Play therapy, Psychotherapy, Patient compliance

中图分类号:

R473.72

陈荔萍, 陈淑花, 谢婷婷. 家庭教育-环境改良-情景游戏护理在支气管哮喘患儿中的应用效果[J]. 结核与肺部疾病杂志, 2026, 7(2): 244-248. doi: 10.19983/j.issn.2096-8493.20250184

Chen Liping, Chen Shuhua, Xie Tingting. Application effect of family education-environment improvement nursing combined with scenario games in children with bronchial asthma[J]. Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 2026, 7(2): 244-248. doi: 10.19983/j.issn.2096-8493.20250184

图/表 2

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组别	例数	患儿				家长				总分
组别	例数	护理前	护理后	t值	P值	护理前	护理后	t值	P值	护理前	护理后	t值	P值
观察组	42	6.58± 0.63	10.58± 0.85	26.393	<0.001	8.66± 0.87	13.54± 0.98	29.933	<0.001	15.24± 1.53	24.12± 2.40	19.297	<0.001
对照组	42	6.63± 0.67	8.75± 0.71	17.309	<0.001	8.70± 0.88	11.48± 0.92	16.543	<0.001	15.33± 1.56	20.23± 2.05	11.416	<0.001
t值		0.352	10.708			0.210	9.932			0.267	7.987
P值		0.726	<0.001			0.835	<0.001			0.790	<0.001