结核与肺部疾病杂志 ›› 2020, Vol. 1 ›› Issue (1): 49-54.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2096-8493.2020.01.011

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2011—2015年北京市海淀区高校本科入学新生结核病筛查及随访情况

刘曦, 李婕()   

  1. 100094 北京市海淀区疾病预防控制中心结核病预防控制科
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-30 出版日期:2020-06-30 发布日期:2020-07-07
  • 通信作者: 李婕 E-mail:lijiecdc@163.com

Screening and follow-up of tuberculosis among undergraduate freshmen in Haidian District, Beijing, 2011—2015

LIU Xi, LI Jie()   

  1. Department of Tuberculosis Prevention and Control, Haidian District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100094, China
  • Received:2020-04-30 Online:2020-06-30 Published:2020-07-07
  • Contact: LI Jie E-mail:lijiecdc@163.com

摘要:

目的 分析北京市海淀区2011—2015年高校本科入学新生结核病筛查情况及本科学习期间随访情况。方法 选取北京市海淀区30所高校2011—2015年本科入学新生作为调查对象,共266770名。调查对象入学结核病筛查工作均在北京市海淀区进行,收集其基本信息,以及结核病筛查信息,包括结核菌素纯蛋白衍生物(PPD)试验结果和胸部X线摄影(简称“胸片”)检查结果和随访信息并进行分析。结果 266770名调查对象中,完成结核病筛查者263021名。接受PPD筛查者262742名,其中PPD试验反应强阳性率为5.46%(14357/262742)。接受结核病筛查者中共检出肺结核患者189例,检出率为71.86/10万(189/263021)。调查对象在4年本科期间,累积确诊肺结核患者423例,累积发病率为 158.68/10 万 (423/266581)。入学筛查PPD试验为强阳性者本科期间累积发病率最高,为576.00/10万(82/14236)。本科期间共发生肺结核聚集性疫情28起,筛查密切接触者4751名,检出患者69例,续发率为1.45%(69/4751)。结论 高校应加强对入学新生结核病筛查的动员,提高新生结核病筛查完成率,加强PPD试验强阳性学生在校期间症状监测,对确诊肺结核患者加强休复学管理,并及时进行密切接触者筛查。

关键词: 结核,肺, 大学, 结核菌素试验, 发病率, 接触者追踪

Abstract:

Objective To analyze the tuberculosis (TB) screening situation of undergraduate freshmen and follow-up during undergraduate study in Haidian District of Beijing from 2011 to 2015. Methods A total of 266770 undergraduate freshmen from 30 universities in Haidian District of Beijing from 2011 to 2015 were selected as the survey objects. All the TB screening work was carried out in Haidian District, Beijing. The basic information and TB screening information were collected and analyzed, including tuberculin pure protein derivative (PPD) test results, chest X-ray examination results and follow-up information. Results Of the 266770 respondents, 263021 completed TB screening. Among 262742 who completed PPD screening, the strong positive rate of PPD was 5.46% (14357/262742). A total of 189 cases with TB were detected in the freshmen who received TB screening, and the detection rate was 71.86/100000 (189/263021). During the 4 years of undergraduate education, 423 cases were diagnosed with TB cumulatively, with a cumulative incidence rate of 158.68/100000 (423/266581). Freshmen with a strong positive PPD test for admission screening had the highest cumulative incidence (576.00/100000 (82/14236)) during the undergraduate period. During the undergraduate period, there were 28 cases of tuberculosis clustering epidemic, 4751 close contacts were screened, 69 patients were detected, and the recurrence rate was 1.45% (69/4751). Conclusion Universities should strengthen the mobilization of TB screening for freshmen, improve the completion rate of TB screening for freshmen, strengthen the symptom monitoring of strong PPD positive students in school, strengthen the management of rest and resumption of school for patients with confirmed tuberculosis, and timely screen close contacts.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Universities, Tuberculin test, Incidence, Contact tracing