Abstract:

Objective: To analyze the drug resistance characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates in Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and to provide evidence for local tuberculosis prevention and rational clinical drug use. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted, 418 MTB isolates of 418 cases of primary treatment pulmonary tuberculosis meeting the inclusion criteria were collected from Liujiang District, Liucheng County, Luzhai County, Sanjiang County, Rong’an County, and Rongshui County under Liuzhou City from January to December 2024. The resistance rates and resistance profile to 14 anti-tuberculosis drugs were analyzed across patients of different genders, ages, and regions. Results: Among the 418 MTB isolates, the overall resistance rate to 14 anti-tuberculosis drugs was 12.20% (51/418), and the multi-drug resistance rate was 0.72% (3/418). The top three drugs with the highest resistance rates were isoniazid (5.74% (24/418)), streptomycin (4.55% (19/418)), and moxifloxacin (2.63% (11/418)). Among the 51 resistant strains, mono-resistant strains accounted for 56.86% (29/51), poly-resistant strains accounted for 37.26% (19/51), and multi-drug resistant strains accounted for 5.88% (3/51). Among mono-resistant strains, isoniazid resistance (23.53% (12/51)) was most common, while among poly-resistant strains, combined resistance to streptomycin and isoniazid (11.76% (6/51)) were predominant. The resistance rate in the 40-60 age group (17.36% (25/144)) was significantly higher than that in the <40 age group (5.00% (3/60)), with a statistically significant difference (χ²=8.208, P=0.004). The mult-idrug resistance rate in female patients (2.17% (2/92)) was significantly higher than that in male patients (0.31% (1/326)), with a statistically significant difference (χ²=4.209, P=0.040). Luzhai County had the highest resistance rate (16.44% (12/73)), while Rong’an County had the lowest (4.55% (2/44)), however, the regional differences were not statistically significant (χ²=5.832, P=0.271). Conclusion: The overall drug resistance rate of newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients in Liuzhou region is basically consistent with the 2018—2020 national tuberculosis drug resistance surveillance data (10.8%). However, isoniazid resistance remains a prominent issue. Elderly populations, females, and patients from Luzhai County are key targets and areas for drug resistance prevention and control. Strengthening resistance surveillance, optimizing treatment regimens, and reducing the transmission of drug-resistant tuberculosis are recommended.

Key words: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Tuberculosis, multidrug-resistant, Epidemiologic study characteristics as topic, Liuzhou City