结核与肺部疾病杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (3): 323-329.doi: 10.19983/j.issn.2096-8493.20250002

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2014—2023年合肥市MTB/HIV双重感染患者发现及治疗转归分析

曹红1, 邓晓岚2, 李真1, 何玉勤1, 吴金菊1, 鹿伦山3()   

  1. 1.安徽省合肥市疾病预防控制中心结核病防治科,合肥 230091
    2.安徽省合肥市疾病预防控制中心艾滋病防治科,合肥 230091
    3.中国科学技术大学附属第一医院(安徽省立医院)感染病院,合肥 230051
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-12 出版日期:2025-06-20 发布日期:2025-06-12
  • 通信作者: 鹿伦山,Email: ahslyylls@163.com

Analysis of the detection and treatment outcomes of MTB/HIV co-infected patients in Hefei from 2014 to 2023

Cao Hong1, Deng Xiaolan2, Li Zhen1, He Yuqin1, Wu Jinju1, Lu Lunshan3()   

  1. 1. Department of Tuberculosis Prevention and Control, Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei 230091, China
    2. Department of AIDS Prevention and Control, Hefei Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei 230091, China
    3. Infection Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science and Technology of China (Anhui Provincial Hospital), Hefei 230051, China
  • Received:2024-12-12 Online:2025-06-20 Published:2025-06-12
  • Contact: Lu Lunshan,Email: ahslyylls@163.com

摘要:

目的:分析2014—2023年合肥市MTB/HIV双重感染患者发现及治疗转归情况,为更好地开展MTB/HIV双重感染防控工作提供科学依据。方法:采用回顾性研究方法,收集2014—2023年合肥市所辖区(县)疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防治科登记并能随访到的HIV/AIDS患者和7家结核病定点医院登记的结核病患者相关人口学特征和临床资料,以及二者双向检测情况,使用检查(测)率、检出率、治愈率和成功治疗率等指标对MTB/HIV双重感染患者发现及治疗转归情况进行分析。结果:2014—2023年合肥市对HIV/AIDS患者进行结核病筛查率为99.49%(24096/24219),对结核病患者HIV抗体检测率为75.95%(29307/38589),双向筛查率均呈明显上升趋势( χ 2=59.634,P=0.000; χ 2=2210.488,P=0.000)。其中,HIV/AIDS患者中结核病检出率[0.39%(94/24096)]明显高于结核病患者中HIV/AIDS患者检出率[0.06%(19/29307)],差异有统计学意义(χ2=66.260,P=0.000)。MTB/HIV双重感染患者的结核病登记率为89.38%(101/113),且主要以男性[94.06%(95/101)]、30~39岁年龄组[30.69%(31/101)]、农民[44.55%(45/101)]、本市户籍[93.07%(94/101)]、居住在包河区[16.83%(17/101)]、转诊[72.28%(73/101)]、就诊延迟[63.37%(64/101)]、病原学阴性[46.53%(47/101)]和初治[92.08%(93/101)]为主。登记的双重感染患者均同时开展抗病毒和抗结核治疗,抗结核治疗成功率为93.07%(94/101),其中,病原学阳性双重感染患者的治愈率为66.67%(30/45)。结论:2014—2023年合肥市对HIV/AIDS和结核病患者双向筛查发现工作效果显著,但应重视HIV/AIDS患者结核病筛查工作质量,提高HIV/AIDS患者结核病检出率,并重点关注中青年男性、农民、家务及待业的结核病患者HIV抗体检测,以尽早发现和治疗MTB/HIV双重感染患者,减少就诊延迟,提高抗结核治疗效果。

关键词: 结核,肺, HIV感染, 流行病学研究特征(主题), 双重感染

Abstract:

Objective: To provide a scientific basis for improving the prevention and control of MTB/HIV co-infection by analyzing the detection and treatment outcomes of MTB/HIV co-infected patients in Hefei from 2014 to 2023. Methods: A retrospective study method was conducted. Demographic characteristics and clinical data of HIV/AIDS patients registered and followed up in the Department of STD/AIDS Prevention and Control in districts and counties in Hefei City, as well as tuberculosis (TB) patients registered in seven TB designated hospitals from 2014 to 2023 were collected. Data on bi-directional screening of TB and HIV/AIDS were also collected. Key indicators such as screening rate, detection rate, cure rate, and treatment success rate were used to analyze the detection and treatment outcomes of MTB/HIV co-infected patients. Results: From 2014 to 2023, the TB screening rate among HIV/AIDS patients was 99.49% (24096/24219), and the HIV antibody testing rate among TB patients was 75.95% (29307/38589). The bi-directional screening rates showed a significant increasing trend over the decade ( χ t r e n d 2=59.634, P=0.000; χ t r e n d 2=2210.488, P=0.000). The TB detection rate among HIV/AIDS patients was 0.39% (94/24096), significantly higher than the HIV/AIDS detection rate among TB patients at 0.06% (19/29307), with a statistically significant difference (χ2=66.260, P=0.000). The TB registration rate of MTB/HIV co-infected patients was 89.38% (101/113), with the majority being male (94.06% (95/101)), aged 30-39 (30.69% (31/101)), farmers (44.55% (45/101)), local residents (93.07% (94/101)), living in Baohe District (16.83% (17/101)), referred patients (72.28% (73/101)), delayed diagnosis (63.37% (64/101)), negative etiology (46.53% (47/101)), and being new cases (92.08% (93/101)). All registered co-infected patients received both antiretroviral therapy and anti-TB treatment. The anti-TB treatment success rate was 93.07% (94/101). The cure rate for those with positive etiological findings was 66.67% (30/45). Conclusion: During 2014—2023, Hefei City has achieved remarkable results in the bi-directional screening of TB and HIV/AIDS. Attention should be paid to the quality of TB screening among HIV/AIDS patients, improve the detection rate of TB in HIV/AIDS patient, with a particular focus on HIV antibody testing for TB patients who are young and middle-aged males, farmers, housework and unemployed, so as to early detect and treat MTB/HIV co-infected patients, reduce medical diagnostic delay, improve the effectiveness of anti-TB therapy.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, HIV infection, Epidemiological characteristics (subject), Co-infection

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