结核与肺部疾病杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (2): 176-182.doi: 10.19983/j.issn.2096-8493.20250001

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2013—2022年山东省泰安市学生肺结核就诊延迟及影响因素分析

王瑞华1, 边焕庆2(), 任艳2   

  1. 1山东省泰安市疾病预防控制中心结核病防制科,泰安 271000
    2山东省泰安市泰山区疾病预防控制中心艾滋病与结核病防制科,泰安 271000
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-26 出版日期:2025-04-20 发布日期:2025-04-11
  • 通信作者: 边焕庆,Email:tsqtb@126.com

Analysis of healthcare-seeking delay and influencing factors for pulmonary tuberculosis among students in Taian City of Shandong Province from 2013 to 2022

Wang Ruihua1, Bian Huanqing2(), Ren Yan2   

  1. 1Department of Tuberculosis Prevention and Control, Taian Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271000, China
    2Department of AIDS and Tuberculosis Prevention and Control, Taishan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taian 271000, China
  • Received:2024-11-26 Online:2025-04-20 Published:2025-04-11
  • Contact: Bian Huanqing,Email:tsqtb@126.com

摘要:

目的: 分析2013—2022年山东省泰安市学生肺结核的就诊延迟情况,探讨就诊延迟的影响因素,为优化防控策略提供科学依据。方法: 通过“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”的子系统“结核病信息管理系统”,按照现住址导出2013—2022 年间所有现住址为泰安市的学生肺结核患者病案信息(包括性别、民族、教育阶段、患者来源、现住址、户籍地址、年份和诊断结果等信息),共656例。运用描述性统计方法分析患者就诊延迟情况及变化趋势。采用多因素logistic回归分析学生肺结核患者就诊延迟的影响因素。结果: 2013—2022年泰安市累计报告学生肺结核患者656例,就诊延迟时间中位数(四分位数)为15(5,33)d,年均就诊延迟率为53.96%(354/656),就诊延迟率由2013年的62.69%(42/67)下降至2022年的45.61%(26/57),下降趋势差异无统计学意义( χ 2=3.105,P=0.078)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,被动发现(OR=1.737,95%CI:1.177~2.563)和病原学阳性(OR=1.619,95%CI:1.162~2.256)均是就诊延迟的危险因素,而少数民族(OR=0.394,95%CI:0.155~1.001)、居住在城区(OR=0.587,95%CI:0.419~0.821)和本地户籍(OR=0.553,95%CI:0.376~0.816)均是就诊延迟的保护因素。结论: 2013—2022年泰安市学生肺结核就诊延迟率处于相对较高水平。被动发现、病原学阳性、非城区和流动人口等因素增加了就诊延迟的风险。

关键词: 泰安市, 学生, 结核,肺, 就诊延误, 因素分析,统计学

Abstract:

Objective: To investigate the healthcare-seeking delay among students with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Taian City from 2013 to 2022, identify its determinants, and provide an evidence-based foundation for optimizing tuberculosis prevention and control strategies. Methods: Data were extracted from the Tuberculosis Information Management System, a subsystem of the China Disease Control and Prevention Information System (CDCIS). All student PTB cases in Taian City from 2013 to 2022 were identified based on their registered residence. A total of 656 cases were included, with variables such as sex, ethnicity, educational level, patient source, residential status, household registration, year of diagnosis, and clinical findings. Descriptive statistical analyses were conducted to assess trends in healthcare-seeking delay. Multivariate logistic regression was employed to determine the factors associated with delayed healthcare-seeking behavior. Results: A total of 656 student PTB cases were reported in Taian City from 2013 to 2022. The median (interquartile range) healthcare-seeking delay was 15 (5, 33) days, with an average annual delay rate of 53.96% (354/656). The proportion of delayed healthcare-seeking behavior declined from 62.69% (42/67) in 2013 to 45.61% (26/57) in 2022, although this trend was not statistically significant ( χ t r e n d 2=3.105, P=0.078). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified passive case detection (OR=1.737, 95%CI: 1.177-2.563) and bacteriologically confirmed TB (OR=1.619, 95%CI: 1.162-2.256) as significant risk factors for delay. Conversely, belonging to an ethnic minority (OR=0.394, 95%CI: 0.155-1.001), urban residence (OR=0.587, 95%CI: 0.419-0.821), and local household registration (OR=0.553, 95%CI: 0.376-0.816) were protective factors against healthcare-seeking delay. Conclusion: Healthcare-seeking delay for PTB among students in Taian City remained persistently high from 2013 to 2022. Passive case detection, bacteriological positivity, residence in non-urban areas, and migrant status were identified as significant risk factors contributing to delayed healthcare-seeking behavior.

Key words: Taian, Students, Tuberculosis,pulmonary, Patient delay, Factor analysis, statistical

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