Abstract:

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Shijingshan District of Beijing from 2012 to 2022, and provide scientific basis for better tuberculosis prevention and control in the future. Methods: The relevant data of tuberculosis patients in Shijingshan District from 2012 to 2022, including gender, age, occupation, etiology, current address, etc., were collected through the Tuberculosis Information Management System, a subsystem of the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System, and were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods. Results: A total of 1954 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were reported in Shijingshan District from 2012 to 2022, with an annual reported incidence rate of 28.60/100000. The reported incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis decreased from 35.70/100000 (231 cases) in 2012 to 21.85/100000 (123 cases) in 2022, showing a general downward trend ($χ^{2}_{趋势}=40.035$, P<0.001). Among the reported pulmonary tuberculosis patients, the sex ratio of male and female was 1.93∶1 (1288∶666). The reported incidence rate of male (37.44/100000, 1288/3440000) was significantly higher than that of women (19.63/100000, 666/3392000)(χ²=189.416, P<0.001). The reported incidence rates of pulmonary tuberculosis of the three age groups of 0-14 years old, 15-64 years old, ≥65 years old and above were 2.76/100000 (19/688973), 25.69/100000 (1372/5341527) and 69.21/100000 (563/813409), respectively. The incidence rate in the age group of 65 years and above was significantly higher than those in the age groups of 0-14 years and 15-64 years (χ²=647.183, P<0.001). The top 5 occupational distribution groups were retirees (33.88%, 662/1954), household and unemployed (21.19%, 414/1954), cadres and staff (9.88%, 193/1954), workers (8.55%, 167/1954), and students and teachers (6.14%, 120/1954). The number of tuberculosis cases reported in the second quarter was the largest (26.36%, 515/1954), followed by the fourth quarter (25.03%, 489/1954), and the lowest number was in the first quarter (23.80%, 465/1954). Conclusion: From 2012 to 2022, the reported incidence rate of pulmonary tuberculosis in Shijingshan District showed a general downward trend. People aged 65 and above are the key population for tuberculosis prevention and control in Shijingshan District. Effective measures should be taken to make the detection and treatment for the elderly patients as soon as possible.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Epidemiologic studies, Universal precautions, Small-area analysis