Table of Content

14 March 2015, Volume 4 Issue 1

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Original Articles

Indicator system of risk assessment on tuberculosis outbreak in Liaoning school

QI Wei, WANG Cui

Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health. 2015, 4(1):  9-12.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-3755.2015.01.002

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Objective To analyze the risk factors of tuberculosis(TB) outbreak in school, perform the risk assessment, and provide the reasonable and effective evidence for TB epidemic control in school. Methods The expert panel which was made of 18 experts, was organized by Liaoning Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Risk assessments were taken by experts consultation. After discussing, the index weight was determined according the score method and ranked according the score. Results Four primary and 26 secondary evaluation index were determined through the expert consultation. The weight of source case was up to 0.33, which was the highest in the first-class indicators assessment. The risks such as detection delay, the epidemic omissions and the concealing di-sease of the source case illness were extremely high risk factors in the second-class, the weighted score were 2.21, 2.05 and 2.05, respectively. Conclusion The indicator system of risk assessment on tuberculosis outbreak in school, provides the basis for taking scientific prevention and control measures.

Analysis of the characteristics of TB epidemic situation in colleges in Dalian

CAO Shu-xia,ZHOU Ying, YANG Lian-jun, YANG Yun-yi, LU Xi-wei,JIANG Hong-bo

Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health. 2015, 4(1):  13-17.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-3755.2015.01.003

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Objective To analyze the characteristics of TB epidemic situation in colleges in Dalian, provide the basis for the future TB control. Methods From 2010 to 2014, Dalian city carried out freshmen TB health check, the screening of TB close contacts and the preventive treatment for LTBI, and so on. The trends of TB pre-valence in freshmen and TB incidence in colleges were observed by trend Chi-square test, and P<0.05 was consi-dered statistically significant. Results The TB prevalence of freshmen in colleges between 2010 and 2014 were 73.4/10⁵ (34/46 290), 53.9/10⁵ (27/50 050), 66.0/10⁵ (35/53 030), 96.3/10⁵ (52/53 986) and 75.4/10⁵ (41/54 383) (χ²_trend＝0.028, P>0.05) respectively. The proportion of TST≥15 mm were 5.2% (2428/46 290), 7.8% (3925/50 050), 7.5% (3953/53 030), 6.0% (3243/53 986) and 5.8% (3134/54 383) among freshmen (χ²_trend＝1.301, P>0.05). The TB incidence between 2010 and 2014 were 54.9/10⁵ (154/280 399), 55.1/10⁵ (161/291 974), 43.1/10⁵ (130/301 307), 41.9/10⁵ (132/314 708) and 44.7/10⁵ (146/326 326) (χ²_trend＝2.648, P>0.05). The smear positive TB incidence were 7.1/10⁵ (20/280 399), 9.9/10⁵ (29/291 974), 3.7/10⁵ (11/301 307), 5.4/10⁵ (17/314 708) and 5.2/10⁵ (17/326 326) respectively (χ²_trend＝1.232, P>0.05). In the past 4 years, there were 80 TB cases detected by the screening of close contacts, and the detection rate was 228.3/10⁵ (80/35 042), which was significantly higher than 73.3/10⁵ (189/257 739) among freshmen (χ²＝77.537, P<0.05). The incidence of sporadic TB was observed by removing secondary cases in clusters. Their incidence were 49.9/10⁵ (140/280 399), 47.3/10⁵ (138/291 974), 41.8/10⁵ (126/301 307), 35.6/10⁵ (112/314 708) and 34.6/10⁵ (113/326 326). It showed a significant decreasing trend (χ²_trend＝3.838, P<0.05). The incidence of secondary clustered cases were 5.0/10⁵ (14/280 399), 7.9/10⁵ (23/291 974), 1.3/10⁵ (4/301 307), 6.4/10⁵ (20/314 708) and 10.1/10⁵ (33/326 326) (χ²_trend＝0.695, P>0.05), whose characteristic of changes, from 2010 to 2014, was similar to the TB incidence. Conclusion School TB prevention and control work made some progress in Dalian city, but early finding of clustered cases still faces serious challenges which requires innovative strategies.

The study of preventive treatment management strategy for people with latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections in school

QI Yi, YANG Lian-jun, WANG Xue-mei, YANG Yun-yi, LU Xi-wei

Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health. 2015, 4(1):  18-22.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-3755.2015.01.004

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Objective To improve the management efficiency of preventive treatment for latent tuberculosis infection(LTBI), explore the new measures to increase the compliance of LTBI preventive treatmentMethods Management efficiency of DOT and whole process management for LTBI preventive therapy had been compared during 2010—2014. TB outbreaks occurred in Neusoft Institute of Information and Dalian Ocean University were set in DOT group. The group consisted of 292 cases of close contacts, in which 130 cases were with latent infection. Other TB outbreaks happened in Dalian Technology University, Dalian Jiaotong University were set in whole process management group (control group). The group consisted of 244 cases of close contacts, in which 91 cases were LTBI. The rate of compliance and regular treatment were observed, and the causes of interruption of treatment were investigated. SPSS 19.0 was used for statistical analysis. Chi-square text was used compared rates and P value less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The acceptance rate of preventive treatment for LTBI, regularly therapy rate in the DOT and full management was 90.0%(117/130),90.6%(106/117), and 67.0%(61/91), 42.6%(26/61) respectively, χ²=18.0, 48.2, P values less than 0.05. The total rate of adverse drug reactions was 4.5%(8/178). In which the rate of DOT and full management group was 4.3 %(5/117) and 4.9%(3/61) respectively. The reasons of treatment interruption in the preventive treatment for LTBI were investigated(total 46 cases: 11 cases were in DOT group, and the rest 35 cases were in management group). In the DOT group, the main reasons were drugs side reactions and subjective neglect, accounted 27.3%(3/11) and 27.3% (3/11) respectively. While in the full management group, the main causes of treatment interruption were the fear of adverse drug reactions and subjective neglect, accounted 34.3%(12/35) and 28.6%(10/35) respectively. One-year-follow-ups after TB outbreaks, secondary attack rates in TST<15 mm group, regularly treatment with TST≥15 mm group, and inregularly treatment with TST≥15 mm group, were 1.6%(5/315),0.0% and 2.2%(2/89) respectively. Conclusion DOT will play the irreplaceable role in the fields of improving the compliance of preventive treatment for LTBI and promoting regularly preventive therapy.

The value of DR in close contacts investigation in outbreak of tuberculosis

WANG Xue-mei, LI Da, SONG Xiao-yi, LU Xi-wei

Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health. 2015, 4(1):  23-27.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-3755.2015.01.005

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Objective To evaluate the value of DR in close contacts investigation in outbreak of tuberculosis. Methods Both DR and CT were taken to screen close contacts(35 cases) from the event of tuberculosis outbreak in May,2014,the missed detection of different kinds of lesion and hidden parts were evaluated with Chi-square test and area under ROC curve. Results Abnormal shadow detection rate of CT was 40.0%(14/35), and it was significantly higher than 22.9%(8/35)of DR,χ² value was 16.154, P<0.01. In missed 6 cases with DR,due to anatomic conceal site accounted for 3 cases,such as hilar(1 case),azygos vein esophagus crypt(1 case) and thickening of the blood vessels in the lower lobe(1 case). Other reasons accounted for 50.0%. Early tree-in-bud signs were the major signs in missed cases. ROC analysis showed that the lesions, which the length of the major axis(cut off value) was not more than 22 mm, were undetected easily. Area under curve(AUC) was 0.925. The sensitivity and specificity were 90.0% and 83.3%, respectively. In 12 cases with abnormal shadow were detected by CT, lesions involving in one lung segment to more than five lung segments were 7 cases (58.3%), 2 cases (16.7%), 1 case (8.3%), 1 case (8.3%), and 2 cases (16.7%),respectively. Percentage of cases that involved less than one sub-segment was 41.7%(5/12). Frequency of lesions involved in the upper lobe,the mid-lingual lobe, and the lower lobe were 66.7%(8/12),16.7% (2/12) and 50.0% (6/12),respectively. CT images showed cavity-air spread type in the index case,and mainly including cavity and tree-in-bud sign.Tree in bud signs, which accounted for 91.7% (11/12), were the main CT characteristics in active pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB) among close contacts. All 4 cases of pleurisy patients appeared pleural tuberculoma after 3-4 months chemotherapy, and showed the same image characteristics. Six cases with micro-lesions were taken by anti-TB experimental treatment, the lesions of 2 cases was significantly absorbed after 2 months, and all the 6 cases absorbed after 6 months. Conclusion CT is more valuable in the screen of TB outbreak in school compared with DR. Subclinical cases detected by CT is recommended to take a formal anti-TB treatment.

Awareness of college freshman on TB prevention and control knowledge in Dalian

WANG Ting, LU Xi-wei, WANG Xue-yang, JIN Yang, NIU Dan-dan, CHEN Qi, ZHOU Ling, SUN Yang

Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health. 2015, 4(1):  28-31.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-3755.2015.01.006

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Objective To understand the knowledge, behavior and attitude of the freshmen on tuberculosis (TB) prevention and control in a college of Dalian, and to provide scientific basis for health education on TB prevention and control in college students in Dalian. Methods Questionnaire survey was conducted in 4194 freshmen in October 2014. The questionnaire was designed according to the Core Information of TB Prevention and Control (2010 edition), which included the basic situation of students, 7 core information of TB prevention and control, attitude, behavior and the ways to gain TB knowledge. A total of 3819 questionnaires were distributed and 3662 effective questionnaires were taken back. SPSS 17.0 was used to analyze, chi-square test was applied for comparison between groups. P<0.05 was statistically significant. Results The overall awareness rate of TB prevention and control was 77.1% (19 757/25 634). The awareness rate of male 75.7% (8474/11 198) was significantly less than female 78.2% (11 283/14 436) (χ²=22.030, P<0.05). The awareness rate of students with city residence was 77.2% (11 701/15 154), which was higher than the rural residence (76.9%, 8056/10 480), and there was no statistical significance (χ²＝0.414, P>0.05). The awareness rate of students with parents graduated from high school or above was 77.2% (10 603/13 727), which was higher than that with high school below, and the difference was not statistically significant (χ²=0.475, P>0.05). For the ways to get TB prevention and control knowledge, from the campus health promotion activities was 52.9% (1939/3662). The awareness rates of “Keeping ventilated every day”, “Introduce the TB related knowledge to family members and friends actively”, “Eat regular meals, to guarantee the nutrition” were higher, which were 95.7% (3506/3662), 78.1% (2861/3662) and 86.5% (3166/3662) respectively. Conclusion TB awareness of college freshmen is generally low. By the cooperation of TB control institutes and schools, we should promote TB health promotion, and that is a main way to improve the awareness on TB prevention and control.

The value of PPD positive rate of close contacts in the tuberculosis outbreak risk assessment in school

CHEN Qi, QI Yi, ZHOU Ying, ZHOU Ling, LU Xi-wei

Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health. 2015, 4(1):  32-35.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-3755.2015.01.007

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Objective To explore the value of PPD positive rate in school tuberculosis outbreaks risk assessment by using retrospective analysis of close contacts of sporadic cases of tuberculosis registered in the Dalian city. Methods We collected and analyzed the sporadic student TB cases (228 cases in total) registered in the National TB management information system between December 2010 and December 2013, and followed up their 9863 close contacts for one-year. We observed the TB incidence and PPD strong positive (PPD average diameter ≥15 mm)distribution of these contacts, and used ROC curves to get cut-off value of PPD strong positive rate of TB outbreaks and occurrence of new cases among contacts. Results In 228 sporadic cases, 39 cases were smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis, and the incidence of accidental occurrence aggregation and tuberculosis outbreaks were 7/39(17.9%) and 4/39(10.3%) respectively among close contacts; in 189 smear-negative TB cases, both incidence of accidental occurrence aggregation and tuberculosis outbreaks were 15/189(7.9%), with no statistical significance, all P＞0.05 (χ²=0.60, 0.23). PPD positive rate of close contacts of smear-positive TB cases is (16.0±0.8)%; comparing with close contacts of smear-negative TB cases of (15.3±0.9)%, with no statistical significance (χ²=2.41, P>0.05). PPD strong positive average rate of freshmen in Dalian was (6.5±0.5)%, the average PPD strong positive rates varied with TB epidemic levels, χ²=26.14, P＜0.01. Using the continuous cases occurred in one year as a criterion to draw PPD strong positive rate ROC curve, specificity is 85.0%,sensitivity is 70.0%,AUC=0.78, the predictive cut-off value is 25.5%. When use occurrence of TB outbreaks as criterion to draw ROC, AUC=0.81, both specificity and sensitivity were 0.78,cut-off value is 21.5%. Conclusion Both smear-positive and smear-negative patients have the same risk of causing tuberculosis outbreaks. Over 21.5% of PPD strong positive rate is the warning indicator of continuous cases occurrence, it also suggests that close contacts have the possibility of TB incident and intervention should be given in a timely manner.

The therapeutic effect analysis of drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Ulanqab in 2009 to 2013

LU Hua

Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health. 2015, 4(1):  36-39.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-3755.2015.01.008

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Objective To improve the cure rate of multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients. Methods The clinical data of 93 MDR-TB patients registered and treated from Mar 2009 to May 2013 were analyzed, and the data were based on Global Fund Project of Ulanqab City in Inner Mongolia. Results The patients’ conditions were alleviated significantly due to the MDR-TB treatment. The total effective rate of cough and expectoration was 84.51% (60/71), and for chest pain and chest oppression was 85.00% (17/20), the total effective rate of fatigue and night sweats was 62.79% (27/43), and that for fever was 94.74% (18/19), the total effective rate of chest X-ray and CT was 77.42% (72/93). Twenty cases were cured (31.25%, 20/64), 9 cases were failed (14.06%, 9/64), 10 cases were died (15.62%, 10/64), and 19 cases were defaulted (29.69%, 19/64), the other 6 cases(2 cases to the field of treatment, 4 patients did not complete the course withdrawal, sputum knot line to cure) account for 9.38%(6/64). Conclusion Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients after treatment, the clini-cal symptoms and signs were obviously improved, but the cure rate of success is still not ideal, should cause enough attention.

The analysis of the clinical features of drug resistant and non drug resistant tuberculosis patients in Puyang,He’nan

FENG Zong-xin, JIA Hui-ying, LIU Xiao-li,FENG Li-jing, ZHAO Shun-xian, XUE Cun-bo, WANG Ming-yuan, MA Bing-qian, SUN Jing-tao, ZHU Lin

Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health. 2015, 4(1):  40-43.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-3755.2015.01.009

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Objective To understand the risk factors of drug-resistant tuberculosis in the city of Puyang and to provide the reference for the later the drug-resistant tuberculosis prevention and treatment. Methods We investigated and analyzed all the eligible smear—positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients in Puyang city from March 2010 to February 2013,among which 312 were drug-resistant tuberculosis patients and 426 were non drug-resistant patients. We analyzed the questionnaires including their diagnosis, the basic information of the patients, the present and the past medical records etc. Enumeration data was analyzed using χ² test. Difference with P<0.05 was consi-dered as statistically significant. Results The percentage of re-treatment patients in drug-resistant group and non drug-resistant group were respectively 27.9% (87/312) and 15.0% (64/426), and the comparison between two groups was χ²=18.42, P<0.01; the completion rate of their first anti-tuberculosis treatment course in two groups of patients were 65.5% (57/87), 92.2% (59/64) respectively, and the comparison between two groups was χ²=14.73, P<0.01;the proportions in the two groups of patients with lesions involving the lung field ≥3 were respectively 55.1% (172/312), 18.8% (80/426), the comparison between two groups was χ²=105.82, P<0.01; the rates in two groups of patients with lung cavity were 31.7% (99/312), 12.2 % (52/426), the comparison between two groups was χ²=42.18, P<0.01. The detection rates of patients with drug resistance in Puyang city, Puyang county, Qingfeng county, Nanle county, Fanxian county, Taiqian county accounted for 37.4% (79/211), 67.3% (74/110), 41.2% (66/160), 39.9% (55/138), 57.4% (35/61), 51.7% (30/58); the comparison between Fan-xian county and the city of Puyang city was χ²=7.73, P<0.01; the comparison between Fan county and Qingfeng county was χ²=4.63, 0.01＜P<0.05; the comparison between Fan county and Nanle county was χ²=5.24, 0.01＜P<0.05; the comparison between Taiqian county and Puyang city was χ²=3.85, 0.01＜P<0.05. Conclusion Based on investigation and analysis of 738 cases in Puyang city, the results indicated that the re-treatment patients, the first anti-tuberculosis treatment completion in re-treated patients, lesions involving the lung field ≥3, patients with cavity are high risk factors of drug resistance pulmonary tuberculosis in Puyang area, the high incidences of pulmonary tuberculosis occurred in Taiqian county and Fan county region.

Clinic observations of sodium deoxy nucleotide on prevention and control of drug-induced liver injury in new pulmonary tuberculosis patients with Hepatitis B antigen positive

XIN Chao-xiong,XIE Hua-li, CHEN Mei-shu, GUAN Ying, LI Xiao-yun

Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health. 2015, 4(1):  44-48.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-3755.2015.01.010

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Objective To observe and evaluate the effect of sodium deoxy nucleotide injection on prevention and control of anti-TB drugs-induced liver damage in new pulmonary tuberculosis(PTB) patients with Hepatitis B antigen (HBsAg) positive. Methods One hundred and twelve new PTB patients with HBsAg positive diagnosed by laboratory tests and clinical features sought care in Anti-TB Institute of Shantou were selected, and were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. The treatment regimen for control group was 2HRZE/4HR, Gan Tai Le tablet (Glucurolactone) was used regularly to protect liver. For the experimental group, on the basis of the control group regimen, Sodium deoxy nucleotide injection was added during the intensive phase for one month. The liver damage severity and indicators of immune cell function of the two groups were compared. SPSS 11.0 software was used for data processing and analysis, t-test was used for quantitative data and Chi-square test was applied for rate comparison. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The incidence of liver damage after 2 weeks and 4 weeks treatment in experimental group were 10.71% (6/56) and 23.21%(13/56) respectively, which were significantly lower than the control group (32.14% (18/56) and 48.21%(27/56)), there were statistically significant differences (χ²=7.64 and 7.62, P<0.01). There was 1 patient in experimental group suffered from moderate liver damage (1.79%, 1/56), while in control group there were 11 patients suffered from moderate and severe liver injury (19.64%, 11/56). In the aspect of liver function, after two weeks treatment, alanine ami-motransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the control group ((45±23)U/L and (46±18)U/L) were significantly higher than the experimental group ((24±12)U/L and (20±13)U/L) (t=6.06 and 8.76, P<0.01).There was no significant differences on serum total bilirubin (STB) and serum albumin (ALB) between the two groups (control group: (9.6±4.7) μmol/L and (40.9±4.2) g/L; experimental group: (8.7±4.5) μmol/L and (41.3±4.6)g/L)(t=1.04 and 0.48, P>0.05). After 4 weeks treatment, ALT, AST and STB in the control group ((102±36)U/L, (94±39)U/L and (36.1±10.5) μmol/L) were significantly higher than the experimental group ((33±16)U/L, (32±12) U/L and (9.8±5.1) μmol/L). ALB decreased significantly in the control group. There were statistically significant differences between 2 groups (t=13.11, 11.38, 16.88 and 9.11, P<0.01). In the aspect of cell-mediated immunity, after 4 weeks treatment, in the experimental group CD4⁺ lymphocyte ((39.5±8.1)% vs (33.5±5.2)%), CD4⁺/CD8⁺ ratio (1.5±0.3 vs 1.2±0.2) obviously elevated while CD8⁺ lymphocyte ((30.3±4.7)% vs (33.1±4.8)%) significantly decreased (t=4.67, 3.12 and 6.25, P<0.01), with significant differences contrast with the control group ((33.5±5.9)%, (33.4±6.2)% and 1.2±0.6) (t=4.48, 2.98 and 3.33, P<0.01). Conclusion Sodium deoxy nucleotide injection can improve liver damage occurred in new PTB patients incorporated with Hepatitis B antigen positive during initial treatment, and can enhance immune function as well.

Analysis of the adverse drug reactions caused by anti-tuberculosis drugs in 94 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis patients

XUE Hao,ZHANG Hong-jun,YIN Wei,ZHOU Zhi-qin

Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health. 2015, 4(1):  49-53.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-3755.2015.01.011

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Objective To analyze the anti-tuberculosis adverse drug reactions (ADRs) occurred in the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Yancheng city in 2012. Methods When timely treating the anti-tuberculosis ADRs in 3842 cases of PTB patients, all institutions of tuberculosis prevention and control in Yancheng city should fill in the case table of the anti-tuberculosis ADRs,which mainly included sex,age,ADRs occurrence date,duration,severity,type,laboratory examination,measures and results, treatment outcome, and so on. And then we carried on statistical analysis. Results A total of 94 cases of the anti-tuberculosis drugs ADRs were occurred and reported. The incidence rate was 2.45%(94/3842).Male and female were 66 and 28 cases respectively. The rate was 2.4∶1.This study has following findings. First, in terms of the ADRs rate, less than 20,20-29,30-39,40-49,50-59,60-69 and 70-95 age groups were 1.64%(2/122),2.14%(11/513),2.82%(9/319),3.06％(17/556),2.94%(22/748),2.28%(19/835),1.87%(14/749)respectively. The ADRs of male and female incidence were 2.38% (66/2772) and 2.62% (28/1070).There was no statistically significant difference (χ²＝0.1800,P>0.05).The peak of male and female were in 50-59 (3.06%;17/556) and 30-39 (3.60%;4/111) age group respectively. Second, liver damage rate was 72.34% (68/94).Hepatic injury complicated with gastrointestinal reactions accounted for 31.91% (30/94). Two or more ADRs accounted for 40.43% (38/94).Third, the mean times of occurrence and duration were (35.4±28.7)d,(21.2±21.0)d. There were 87.23% (82/94)and 50.00% (47/94)of ADRs occurred within 60 days and 30 days respectively. There was 87.50% (7/8) of simple allergic reaction occurred within 10 days. There was 72.72% (8/11) of simple gastrointestinal reaction occurred within 20 days. There were 28.57% (10/35), 88.57% (31/35) of simple liver damage occurred within 30 days and 60 days respectively. Forth, there were 93.62% (88/94) of ADRs cured or completed treatment and 63.83% (60/94) of ADRs changed treatment or medication way. Conclusion The anti-tuberculosis ADRs in Yancheng city was in the low level. The liver damage, which often occurred with gastrointestinal reaction, was in a majority. The incidence rate of the ADRs was higher in 30-59 age group. The peak age group of male was higher than female.

Review Articles

Research progress of strategy on tuberculosis aggregation epidemic monitoring and early warning in school

CHEN Yan-zhen, TAN Shou-yong

Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health. 2015, 4(1):  57-60.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-3755.2015.01.013

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The outbreak of tuberculosis aggregation in school, not only is harm to the young students’ physical and mental health, but also brings great influence on the normal teaching order of the school and social stability. This article reviews the situation of tuberculosis aggregation epidemic and the methods of monitoring and early war-ning in school. This article provides reference for TB prevention and control work in school.

Research progresses of nontuberculous mycobacteria

WANG Chun-hua, PANG Xue-wen, FU Yan-yong

Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Health. 2015, 4(1):  61-64.  doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-3755.2015.01.014

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Nontuberculous mycobacteria exist in nature widely, but only some of them cause diseases in human. As some nontuberculous mycobacteria are resistant to some anti-tuberculosis drugs, and it is difficult to diagnose and with poor treatment outcome, the nontuberculous mycobacterial infectious diseases have become the concerned research topic in medical field gradually. This article reviewed the progress of study on nontuberculous mycobacteria by summarizing the species and infection rate, drug resistance mechanisms and detection methods, the cha-racteristics of nontuberculous mycobacterial infection and treatment regimens, and the research on water pollution of nontuberculous mycobacterial. The drug-resistance and transmission mechanisms of nontuberculous mycobacteria have not been elucidated, further research is needed.