Analysis of the dynamic changes and influencing factors of psychological pain in elderly patients with pulmonary embolism

doi:10.19983/j.issn.2096-8493.20260056

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: To analyze the developmental trajectory of psychological distress in elderly patients with pulmonary embolism and explore its influencing factors based on a latent variable mixed growth model. Methods: A total of 230 elderly patients with pulmonary embolism admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Putian University in Fujian Province from June 2023 to April 2025 were selected as the research subjects. General information questionnaires and psychological distress thermometers were used to investigate the patients. A latent variable growth mixed model was constructed for patients’ psychological distress, and logistic regression analysis was employed to analyze the factors influencing psychological distress in elderly patients with pulmonary embolism. Results: According to the results of the latent variable growth mixed model, three latent categories were identified: the persistently high psychological distress group (32 cases, 13.91%), the decreasing psychological distress group (112 cases, 48.70%), and the no psychological distress group (86 cases, 37.39%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age, education level, payment type, and monthly income were influencing factors for persistently high psychological distress (OR (95%CI) values were: 1.318 (1.141-1.522), 3.414 (1.018-11.450), 3.250 (1.048-10.075), 3.763 (1.052-13.461), respectively) and decreasing psychological distress (OR (95%CI) values were: 1.120 (1.045-1.199), 2.147 (1.143-4.032), 1.912 (1.037-3.527), 1.913 (1.029-3.555), respectively) in elderly patients with pulmonary embolism. Conclusion: There are three different developmental trajectories of psychological distress in elderly patients with pulmonary embolism. Among them, age, education level, payment type, and monthly income are all influencing factors for patients’ sustained high psychological distress and the decrease in psychological distress.

Key words: Pulmonary embolism, Aged, Psychology, medical, Factor analysis, statistical

CLC Number:

R563.5

Chen Peiying, Liu Cuiping, Zheng Lijiao. Analysis of the dynamic changes and influencing factors of psychological pain in elderly patients with pulmonary embolism[J]. Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease , 2026, 7(3): 323-328. doi: 10.19983/j.issn.2096-8493.20260056

Figures/Tables 5

References 13

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类别数	AIC	BIC	aBIC	信息熵	类别概率(%)
1	5703.025	5604.420	5523.122	1.000000000	100.00
2	5542.662	5422.470	5304.310	0.999975623	77.50/22.50
3	4705.820	4502.044	4642.174	1.000000000	13.91/48.70/37.39
4	4957.322	4980.250	4886.510	0.949285731	25.00/25.00/25.00/25.00

因素	持续高心理痛苦组(32例)		心理痛苦下降组(112例)		无心理痛苦组 (86例)		统计检验值		P值
年龄(岁,$\bar{x}$±s)	73.03±5.06		70.04±4.94		67.55±4.04		F=17.637		<0.001
性别[例(构成比,%)]							χ²=0.064		0.968
男性	22(68.75)		75(66.96)		57(66.28)
女性	10(31.25)		37(33.04)		29(33.72)
病程(年,$\bar{x}$±s)	3.75±1.74		3.80±0.99		3.84±1.17		F=0.065		0.937
住院时间(d,$\bar{x}$±s)	15.53±6.77		14.81±5.82		14.20±4.33		F=0.759		0.469
文化程度[例(构成比,%)]							χ²=13.668		0.001
高中及以下	26(81.25)		81(72.32)		44(51.16)
大专及以上	6(18.75)		31(27.68)		42(48.84)
婚姻状况[例(构成比,%)]							χ²=1.084		0.582
有配偶	25(78.13)		94(83.93)		74(86.05)
无配偶	7(21.87)		18(16.07)		12(13.95)
冠心病[例(构成比,%)]							χ²=0.133		0.936
有	14(43.75)		45(40.18)		35(40.70)
无	18(56.25)		67(59.82)		51(59.30)
高血压[例(构成比,%)]							χ²=0.204		0.903
有	16(50.00)		52(46.43)		39(45.35)
无	16(50.00)		60(53.57)		47(54.65)
吸烟[例(构成比,%)]						χ²=0.054		0.973
有		21(65.63)	74(66.07)	58(67.44)
无		11(34.37)	38(33.93)	28(32.56)
饮酒[例(构成比,%)]						χ²=0.478		0.787
有		11(34.38)	34(30.36)	24(27.91)
无		21(65.62)	78(69.64)	62(72.09)
并发症[例(构成比,%)]						χ²=0.445		0.801
有		27(84.38)	91(81.25)	68(79.07)
无		5(15.62)	21(18.75)	18(20.93)
付费类型[例(构成比,%)]						χ²=13.411		0.010
自费		25(78.12)	71(63.39)	38(44.19)
医保		7(21.88)	41(36.61)	48(55.81)
月收入[例(构成比,%)]						χ²=18.048		<0.001
<5000元		28(87.50)	76(67.86)	41(47.67)
≥5000元		4(12.50)	36(32.14)	45(52.33)

变量	赋值
文化程度	高中及以下=1,大专及以上=0
付费类型	自费=1,医保=0
月收入	<5000元=1,≥5000元=0

因素	β值	s${}_{\overline{x}}$值	Wald χ²值	P值	OR(95%CI)值
持续高心理痛苦组对比无心理痛苦组
年龄	0.276	0.074	14.074	<0.001	1.318(1.141~1.522)
文化程度	1.228	0.617	3.954	0.047	3.414(1.018~11.450)
付费类型	1.179	0.577	4.169	0.041	3.250(1.048~10.075)
月收入	1.325	0.650	4.153	0.042	3.763(1.052~13.461)
常量	-22.820	5.348	18.208	<0.001	-
心理痛苦下降组对比无心理痛苦组
年龄	0.113	0.035	10.429	0.001	1.120(1.045~1.199)
文化程度	0.764	0.321	5.650	0.017	2.147(1.143~4.032)
付费类型	0.648	0.312	4.306	0.038	1.912(1.037~3.527)
月收入	0.649	0.316	4.203	0.040	1.913(1.029~3.555)
常量	-8.716	2.432	12.847	<0.001	-

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