Abstract: Mycobacterium abscessus pulmonary disease (MAB-PD) is recognized as one of the most difficult-to-treat types of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease, and its incidence has been rising in recent years. Owing to the intrinsic drug resistance of the pathogen and the differences in treatment outcomes among its subspecies, a unified and standardized treatment criterion has long been lacking in clinical practice. On August 3, 2026, the Chinese Antituberculosis Association issued the group standard Treatment Specification for Drug Therapy of Mycobacterium abscessus Pulmonary Disease (T/CHATA 068—2026), the first normative document for drug therapy of MAB-PD in China, which systematically covers treatment principles and indications, regimen formulation, monitoring during treatment, management of adverse drug reactions, and assessment of treatment outcomes. The authors interpret the background and significance of its formulation, the main technical contents, and the distinctive innovations of this standard, aiming to help clinicians accurately understand and apply it, and to promote the standardized and precise drug treatment of MAB-PD.

Key words: Mycobacterium abscessus, Lung diseases, Therapeutic uses, Benchmarking, Comment