Abstract:

Objective: To analyze the characteristics and treatment outcomes of rifampicin-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (RR-PTB) patients in Jilin Province from 2018 to 2022, and to provide evidence for optimizing RR-PTB prevention and control strategies. Methods: Data of RR-PTB cases in Jilin Province from 2018 to 2022 were collected through the “Tuberculosis Information Management System,” a subsystem of the “China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention.” Descriptive method was conducted to analyze patient characteristics and treatment outcomes. Binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of treatment outcomes. Results: A total of 3994 RR-PTB patients were registered in Jilin Province during 2018—2022, with a registration rate of 3.31 per 100000 population (3994/120543700), showing a downward trend (${\chi }_{trend}^{2}$=191.473, P<0.05). RR-PTB patients were predominantly male (75.44%, 3013/3994), aged 45-64 years (50.20%, 2005/3994), Han ethnicity (94.79%, 3786/3994), farmers (44.09%, 1761/3994), and local residents (84.78%, 3386/3994). The proportion of ethnic minority patients fluctuated upward (${\chi }_{trend}^{2}$=5.581, P<0.05), whereas the proportion of migrant patients showed a fluctuating downward trend (${\chi }_{trend}^{2}$=84.376, P<0.05). The treatment initiation rate for RR-PTB patients was 83.32% (3328/3994), with a treatment success rate 52.01% (1731/3994). The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the age group ≥65 years (OR=3.011, 95%CI: 2.061-4.398), ethnic minority status (OR=1.545, 95%CI: 1.136-2.100), retreatment (OR=1.272, 95%CI: 1.102-1.468), floating population (OR=1.945, 95%CI: 1.595-2.372) were risk factors for unfavorable treatment outcomes among RR-TB patients. Conclusion: The prevention and control of RR-PTB in Jilin Province remains challenging. Efforts should focus on improving treatment initiation and success rates, particularly for elderly individuals over 65 years old, ethnic minorities, retreatment patients, and floating population.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Rifampicin, Tuberculosis, multidrug-resistant, Treatment outcome