结核与肺部疾病杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 6 ›› Issue (1): 46-54.doi: 10.19983/j.issn.2096-8493.2024130

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

2006—2020年天津市中心城区老年与非老年肺结核流行特征及变化趋势

齐威, 赵恩奕()   

  1. 天津市结核病控制中心,天津 300041
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-17 出版日期:2025-02-20 发布日期:2025-02-20
  • 通信作者: 赵恩奕 E-mail:jkzxzey@163.com

The epidemic characteristics and the trends of pulmonary tuberculosis in elderly and non-elderly in central urban area, Tianjin from 2006 to 2020

Qi Wei, Zhao Enyi()   

  1. Tianjin Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300041, China
  • Received:2024-08-17 Online:2025-02-20 Published:2025-02-20
  • Contact: Zhao Enyi E-mail:jkzxzey@163.com

摘要:

目的:了解天津市中心城区老年和非老年肺结核流行特征及变化趋势,为制定相关防治政策提供参考依据。方法:从“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”的子系统“结核病管理信息系统”中导出天津市中心城区2006年1月1日至2020年12月31日登记为首次管理、诊断为“肺结核”的患者的病案信息,包括一般人口学特征、患者来源、治疗分类、病原学结果、药物敏感性试验检查结果等。按照患者年龄分为老年人(≥60岁)和非老年人(<60岁),分别整理统计,对比分析两组肺结核患者的特征。应用Joinpoint回归模型分析肺结核患者年登记率的时间变化趋势。结果:2006—2020年天津市中心城区共登记肺结核患者20950例,老年患者6217例(29.68%)。相比非老年肺结核患者,老年肺结核患者中男性(OR=1.16,95%CI:1.09~1.24)、汉族(OR=2.83,95%CI:2.03~3.95)、本地户籍(OR=6.28,95%CI:4.99~7.91)、复治患者(OR=2.34,95%CI:2.18~2.52)和合并糖尿病(OR=1.17,95%CI:1.04~1.32)的所占比例均较高。Joinpoint回归模型显示,2006—2020年老年肺结核年登记率显著下降(APC=―4.693%,95%CI:―7.359%~―1.951%,P=0.003)。2006—2020年非老年肺结核年登记率呈总体下降趋势,平均每年下降4.767%(AAPC=―4.767%,95%CI:―6.762%~―2.729%,P<0.001)。结论:相对于非老年人,老年人群肺结核登记率较高。肺结核在老年人、男性、复治和合并糖尿病人群中疾病负担较重。随着天津市老龄化日益严重,老年结核病的防治需要给予足够的重视,才能实现天津市终止结核病流行的目标。

关键词: 结核,肺, 老年人, 流行病学研究特征(主题), 统计学分布, 回归分析

Abstract:

Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics and the trends of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) among the elderly and non-elderly in the central urban area, Tianjin, and to provide reference for formulating relative policies. Methods: The case information of the TB patients managed and registered for the first time in the central urban area of Tianjin from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2020 were collected from China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention, including the general demographic information, patient origin, the classification of treatment, the results of etiologic and drug sensitivity test, etc. The patients were divided into the elderly TB patients (≥60 years old) and non-elderly PTB patients (<60 years old), and the characteristics of PTB patients in the two groups were compared and analyzed. The Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the temporal trend of the annual registration rate of PTB patients. Results: A total of 20950 cases of PTB were registered in the central urban area of Tianjin from 2006 to 2020, among whom 6217 cases (29.68%) were elderly patients. Compared with non-elderly patients, the proportion of male (OR=1.16, 95%CI: 1.09-1.24), Han nationality (OR=2.83, 95%CI: 2.03-3.95), local household registration (OR=6.28, 95%CI: 4.99-7.91), retreatment patients (OR=2.34, 95%CI: 2.18-2.52) and those with comorbid diabetes (OR=1.17, 95%CI: 1.04-1.32) were relatively higher among elderly patients with PTB. The Joinpoint regression model showed that the annual registration rate of PTB in the elderly decreased significantly decreased from 2006 to 2020 (APC=―4.693%, 95%CI: ―7.359%-―1.951%, P=0.003). The annual registration rate of non-elderly pulmonary TB showed an overall declining trend from 2006—2020 (AAPC=―4.767%, 95%CI: ―6.762%-―2.729%, P<0.001). Conclusion: Compared with non-elderly people, the elderly population had a higher PTB registration rate. The disease burden of PTB is heavier among the elderly, men, retreatment patients and patients with diabetes. With increasing aging in Tianjin more attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment of PTB in the elderly in order to achieve the goal of ending the epidemic of tuberculosis in Tianjin.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Aged, Epidemiologic study characteristics as topic, Statistical distributions, Regression analysis

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