Abstract: Objective To discuss the effects of rational-emotive therapy on anxiety and depression in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods The hospitalized patients diagnosed with tuberculosis from Jan to Oct in 2016 in Wangkai Infectious Diseases Hospital were carried out psychological evaluation. The eighty cases with psychological disorder were sequenced from the first to the eightieth according to the admission time. The patients with odds number were divided in the intervention group, and the patients with even numbers were divided in the control group. Forty cases in each group. Control group followed the conventional method of communication and care, while the patients in the intervention group received targeted, personalized psychological care based on the rational-emotive therapy interventions.The anxiety and depression of the patients in the two groups were assessed by using Zung’s scale of anxiety and depression. The improvement of the patients in two groups in anxiety and depression before and after intervention were compared. Results Before the psychological intervention, the average anxiety score for the intervention group patients was 60.13±7.15, and the average depression score of 62.63±6.40. The average anxiety score for the control group patients was 60.18±7.36, and the average depression score of 62.10±6.44. The difference of the average score of anxiety and depression in the two groups were not statistically significant (t value were respectively－0.03 and－0.37 and P value were respectively 0.975 and 0.716). After the psychological intervention, the anxiety score for the intervention group patients was 52.97±6.98, and the average depression score of 55.60±6.23. The average anxiety score for the control group patients was 58.08±6.99, and the average depression score of 60.30±6.35. The average score of anxiety and depression in the intervention group were obviously lower than those in the control group, and the difference were statistically significant (t value were respectively－3.28 and－3.34 and P value were respectively 0.020 and 0.010). Conclusion Timely implementation of rational-emotive therapy in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis interventions can effectively reduce anxiety, depression, and emotional impact.