Abstract:

Objective To analyze the treatment and outcomes of rifampicin-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis in Beijing from 2016 to 2020, so as to provide the basis for improving the prevention and control strategy of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Beijing. Methods Information of patients with rifampicin-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis was extracted from the “TB Management Information System”. Descriptive analysis was conducted to interpret patients’ characteristics, treatment and outcomes. Results From 2016 to 2020, a total of 592 patients with rifampicin-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis were notified in Beijing, 69.43% (411/592) of them were male, and 77.03% (456/592) were young adults aged 25-64 years. The treatment initiation rates of patients increased year by year, from 74.29% (52/70) in 2016 to 97.79% (133/136) in 2020 ( {\chi }_{\mathrm{trend}}^2 =44.831, P<0.001). Treatment initiation rates of female and registered residents were 96.69% (175/181) and 94.55% (312/330), which were higher than those of male (90.27%, 371/411) and non-registered residents (89.31%, 234/262), and the differences were statistically significant (χ ²=7.221, P=0.007; χ ²=5.580, P=0.018). Treatment initiation rate of new patients was 95.37% (391/410), higher than patients classified as “sputum smear-positive at the end of 2nd and 3rd month” (68.18%, 15/22), recurrence (88.73%, 126/142), the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001, Fisher exact probability). The treatment success rate for the 228 patients with rifampicin resistance who started treatment before 2018 was 81.58% (186/228). The treatment success rate decreased with age increasing, from 8/8 in 15-24 years group to 74.19% (23/31) in 65-93 years group ( {\chi }_{\mathrm{trend}}^2 =7.479, P=0.006). Conclusion From 2016 to 2020, the treatment initiation rate of patients with rifampicin-resistance pulmonary tuberculosis in Beijing increased year by year, and the treatment success rate was high. However, attention should be paid to the detection and treatment of migrant and male patients with rifampicin-resistance.

Key words: Tuberculosis, pulmonary, Rifampin, Drug tolerance, Treatment outcome