Comparison between different imaging presentations and pulmonary function in children aged 5-13 with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia during the acute phase

doi:10.19983/j.issn.2096-8493.20250148

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: To explore the characteristics of pulmonary function corresponding to different imaging manifestations in children aged 5-13 with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) during the acute phase. Methods: A total of 133 children hospitalized with MPP in the Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine at Linyi People’s Hospital between September 2024 and February 2025 were enrolled. Based on chest imaging features, they were divided into a lobar pneumonia group (65 cases) and a non-lobar pneumonia group (68 cases). Pulmonary function parameters were compared between the two groups. Results: In both groups, the maximal vital capacity (VCmax), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV₁), and peak expiratory flow (PEF)(measured/predicted values) were below 80%; the FEV₁ to vital capacity ratio (FEV₁/FVC)(measured/predicted value) was below 94%; and the forced expiratory flow at 25%, 50%, and 75% of FVC (MEF25, MEF50, MEF75) as well as maximal midexpiratory flow (MMEF75/25)(measured/predicted values) were below 65%. In the lobar pneumonia group, the VCmax, FVC, and FEV₁ (measured/predicted values) were (67.45±14.10) %, (70.09±14.95) %, (69.60±15.34) %, significantly lower than those in the non-lobar pneumonia group ((73.09±14.45) %, (76.12±15.55) %, (75.68±16.85) %). The differences were statistically significant (t-values were -2.280, -2.278, -2.172, respectively, all P-values <0.05). In children with single-lobe involvement group, the VCmax, FVC, FEV₁, and MEF75 (measured/predicted values) were (72.79±11.60) %, (75.29±12.67) %, (74.31±13.88) %, (58.94±23.70) %, significantly higher than those in the multiple-lobe involvement group ((61.21±14.36) %, (64.01±15.30) %, (64.11±15.35) %, (45.69±18.58) %). The differences were statistically significant (t-values were 3.596, 3.251, 2.811, 2.477, respectively, all P-values <0.05). Conclusion: During the acute phase of MPP, children aged 5-13 years with different chest imaging exhibit mixed ventilatory dysfunction, including both restrictive and obstructive ventilatory dysfunction, accompanied by small airway impairment. Patients with lobar pneumonia demonstrate more severe pulmonary function impairment, and multi-lobe involvement is associated with greater dysfunction compared to single-lobe disease.

Key words: Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Child, Respiratory function tests

CLC Number:

R725.6

Li Zhongqiang, Wu Xuejun, Li Rui, Lyu Gaomei, Ren Zhijuan, Yang Huimin, Ge Yunpeng, Xu Leilei, Hou Lingyun, Xing Yuge. Comparison between different imaging presentations and pulmonary function in children aged 5-13 with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia during the acute phase[J]. Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease , 2025, 6(6): 678-683. doi: 10.19983/j.issn.2096-8493.20250148

Figures/Tables 5

References 22

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组别	非大叶性肺炎组(68例)	大叶性肺炎组(65例)	统计检验值	P值
性别[例(构成比,%)]			χ²=3.262	0.071
男性	42(61.8)	30(46.2)
女性	26(38.2)	35(53.8)
年龄(岁,$\bar{x}±s$)	6.94±1.67	7.35±2.00	t=1.291	0.199
身高(cm,$\bar{x}±s$)	126.74±11.95	128.17±14.24	t=0.630	0.530
体质量(kg,$\bar{x}±s$)	28.77±9.55	27.92±10.47	t=-0.489	0.626

肺功能指标	非大叶性肺炎组(68例)	大叶性肺炎组(65例)	Z值	P值
VCmax[L,M(Q₁,Q₃)]	1.36(0.99,1.63)	1.29(0.59,1.51)	-1.146	0.252
FVC[L,M(Q₁,Q₃)]	1.35(0.99,1.63)	1.27(0.90,1.48)	-1.204	0.229
FEV₁[L,M(Q₁,Q₃)]	1.13(0.90,1.39)	1.08(0.77,1.30)	-1.125	0.260
PEF[L/s,M(Q₁,Q₃)]	2.25(1.80,2.75)	2.20(1.61,2.62)	-0.903	0.367
MEF25[L/s,M(Q₁,Q₃)]	2.04(1.57,2.50)	1.98(1.40,2.51)	-0.972	0.331
MEF50[L/s,M(Q₁,Q₃)]	1.33(1.00,1.64)	1.35(0.86,1.78)	-0.052	0.959
MMEF75[L/s,M(Q₁,Q₃)]	0.64(0.44,0.82)	0.66(0.37,0.83)	-0.124	0.901
MMEF75/25[L/s,M(Q₁,Q₃)]	1.15(0.85,1.39)	1.14(0.80,1.53)	-0.322	0.748
FEV₁/FVC[%,M(Q₁,Q₃)]	84.60(79.18,90.38)	85.18(80.93,91.33)	-0.405	0.685

肺功能指标	非大叶性肺炎组(68例)	大叶性肺炎组(65例)	t值	P值
VCmax	73.09±14.45	67.45±14.10	-2.280	0.024
FVC	76.12±15.55	70.09±14.95	-2.278	0.024
FEV₁	75.68±16.85	69.60±15.34	-2.172	0.032
PEF	62.77±16.63	59.02±14.45	-1.384	0.169
MEF25	62.80±18.82	58.47±16.88	-1.395	0.166
MEF50	58.09±19.68	57.37±19.55	-0.211	0.833
MEF75	54.72±23.09	52.83±22.34	-0.479	0.633
MMEF75/25	58.28±20.77	54.86±19.19	-0.984	0.327

肺功能指标	累及单叶(35例)	累及多叶(30例)	Z值	P值
VCmax[L,M(Q₁,Q₃)]	1.37(0.99,1.51)	1.19(0.86,1.44)	-1.421	0.155
FVC[L,M(Q₁,Q₃)]	1.35(0.95,1.48)	1.18(0.85,1.44)	-1.250	0.211
FEV₁[L,M(Q₁,Q₃)]	1.13(0.77,1.32)	1.02(0.74,1.29)	-0.941	0.347
PEF[L/s,M(Q₁,Q₃)]	2.23(1.64,2.57)	2.18(1.47,2.92)	-0.395	0.693
MEF25[L/s,M(Q₁,Q₃)]	2.00(1.42,2.51)	1.94(1.26,2.49)	-0.375	0.708
MEF50[L/s,M(Q₁,Q₃)]	1.39(0.88,1.79)	1.31(0.78,1.72)	-0.724	0.469
MMEF75[L/s,M(Q₁,Q₃)]	0.70(0.47,0.85)	0.60(0.33,0.82)	-1.448	0.148
MMEF75/25[L/s,M(Q₁,Q₃)]	1.18(0.82,1.57)	1.09(0.64,1.39)	-0.809	0.418
FEV₁/FVC[%,M(Q₁,Q₃)]	84.51(78.68,93.01)	85.96(81.78,90.31)	-0.520	0.603

肺功能指标	累及单叶(35例)	累及多叶(30例)	t值	P值
VCmax	72.79±11.60	61.21±14.36	3.596	0.001
FVC	75.29±12.67	64.01±15.30	3.251	0.002
FEV₁	74.31±13.88	64.11±15.35	2.811	0.007
PEF	61.08±13.18	56.62±15.69	1.245	0.218
MEF25	60.27±16.61	56.36±17.21	0.931	0.355
MEF50	59.85±20.40	54.49±18.43	1.104	0.274
MEF75	58.94±23.70	45.69±18.58	2.477	0.016
MMEF 75/25	58.67±20.72	50.43±16.47	1.754	0.084