Abstract: The tuberculosis associated COPD(TOPD) () as a common chronic airway inflammation is mostly found in elderly patients . TOPD may be prevented and treated in early stage , but in late stage，it presents as irreversible persistent airflow limitation followed by progressive exacerbation . Through literature review and analyses of TOPD risk factor, pathogenesis, missed diagnoses and misdiagnoses, and methods of diagnosis and treatment , We draw the following conclusions:TOPD patients were mostly male, 52% in nonsmokers, and the majority was elderly patients. TOPD had the clinical characteristics of tuberculosis and COPD, and hemoptysis was more common symptom in TOPD patients than in COPD patients, and its FVC and FEV1/FEV values were lower in TOPD patients than in COPD patients; TOPD had poor response to bronchodilators, and irreversible airway resistance was serious; TOPD patients with airflow limitation were more prone to acute exacerbation than those without airflow limitation . TOPD diagnosis should be made comprehensively based on the history of tuberculosis contacts, clinical symptoms and signs, and laboratory tests .It’s important to identify the etiologies. pulmonary rehabilitation should be done actively according to combined modality therapy.