Abstract: Objective To explore the influence of PRECEDE-PROCEED model on the therapeutic compliance of MDR-TB patients.Methods From the patient who were hospitalized and diagnosed as MDR-TB and admitted by China Global Fund TB Program, 90 patients who were hospitalized from July 2011 to December 2012 (intervention group) and 92 patients who were hospitalized from January 2010 to June 2011 (control group) were enrolled. There were 79 cases in contrast group and 82 cases in intervention group after elimination of the loss of follow-up and death cases. The patients in two groups were both treated with individualized regimen for 24 months (including 6 months intensive phase and 18 months consolidation phase). Conventional health education was applied in the patients in two groups. In addition, we provided the guidance of PRECEDE-PROCEED model to intervention group to form predisposing, enabling and reinforcing factors. During the course of treatment, the following tests were taken once a month within the first 6 months and once two months within the final 18 months: sputum smear, sputum culture, liver function, routine test of blood and urine and so on. Rate was used to describe categorical data, the database was established by Excel, and SPSS 13.0 software was applied for data analysis. Chi-square test was used to compare the awareness rate, compliance of treatment and care rate between two groups.Results The awareness rate of the patient in intervention group was 89.0%, which was significantly higher than control group (58.2%). The difference was statistically significant (χ²=19.8, P<0.01). The treatment adherence rate in intervention was 91.5%, and was significantly higher than control group (67.1%) (χ²=14.67, P<0.01). The sputum conversion rate of the intervention group was 65.9%, which was significantly higher than control group (43.0%)(χ²=7.91, P<0.05).Conclusion PRECEDE-PROCEED model intervention can effectively improve the treatment com-pliance of MDR-TB patients.