Abstract: Objective To understand the surveillance results of pulmonary tuberculosis among students in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Xinjiang), and to provide evidence for developing effective TB control mea-sures in schools.Methods Using infectious disease report management information system of China disease prevention and control information system, collected from Xinjiang 2010—2014 report of the incidence of tuberculosis patients (total 5347 cases), respectively, the time distribution (divided into 1-12 months), sex distribution and age distribution (divided into 5 age groups: 5- years old, 15- years old, 20- years old and 25- years old). Using China TB management information system, collected registration 4689 student cases with active pulmonary tuberculosis with national distribution (divided into five categories, the Uygur, Han, Kazak, Hui and other ethnic minorities) and treatment delay data. Data analysis with software Excel 2010 and SPSS 21.0, distribution of different time, different gender, different age group the incidence rate were compared with chi square test, P<0.05 for statistical significance.Results During 2010 to 2014, 5347 cases with pulmonary tuberculosis were reported in Xinjiang, the incidence rate was 20.99/100 000, 18.14/100 000, 16.73/100 000, 16.25/100 000, 17.87/100 000, the incidence of the students was reported as decline trend in five years. Comparison of incidence rates of each year showed that the difference was statistically significant (χ²=45.26,P<0.001). Students’ cases with pulmonary tuberculosis accounted for 2.48%－3.54% of the whole population tuberculosis cases, The annual incidence of TB patients in Jan-May every year was significantly higher than that of other months, the constituent ratio of incidence of students’ cases in different months had statistical significance (χ²=85.08,P<0.001).Males’ cases were less than females’. Students’ gender ratios in different years was no significant difference (χ²=3.80,P=0.434). Students’ cases with pulmonary tuberculosis in 15－ years old group accounted for 55.00% (2941/5347). The constituent ratio of students’ cases with pulmonary tuberculosis in each age group of different years was significant difference (χ²=47.21,P<0.001). During 2010 to 2014, 4689 cases with pulmonary tuberculosis were registered by tuberculosis management information system in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, the Uygur accounted for 46.51%, and the average delay time was from 36 to 44 days.Conclusion From 2010 to 2014, the report system of students’ incidence case of Xinjiang is continuously improved, and the report incidence rate is declining annually. The peak of incidence rate is from Jan. to May. The proportion of students’ cases with pulmonary tuberculosis in 15－ age group is the highest. According to the features of the students’ epidemic situation in Xinjiang, tuberculosis dispensary at all levels should perform their duties, and effectively strengthen the students’ tuberculosis control and prevention work.