Abstract: One third of the world’s population has been infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (TB) is closely associated with diabetes mellitus (DM), and DM patient is regarded as one of the TB susceptible population, with high infection rate, high TB prevalence and high mortality rate as characteristics. Through reviewing relevant literatures in recent years, this paper introduces the domestic and overseas research status of effect of some cytokine changes on the prevalence and clinical cure rate of DM complicated with TB. The high prevalence of DM complicated with TB is also explained from the aspects of cytokine immune. The basic information of the pathogenesis, early detection and treatment of DM complicated with TB are introduced as well.